George W. (George William) Hunter

A Civic Biology, Presented in Problems

"A Civic Biology, Presented in Problems" by George W. Hunter is a biology textbook published in 1914. Required in Tennessee high schools, it became infamous as the book that sparked the 1925 Scopes "Monkey" Trial. The text covers evolution, human races, and eugenics—ideas common among American Progressives of the era. Its controversial sections on racial hierarchy and forced sterilization reflect early twentieth-century scientific and social attitudes that would later be widely condemned.