Author
Washington Irving
1783-1859
Washington Irving (1783-1859) is a public-domain author available on Rivro. Read free books, explore subjects, and discover related classics.
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Books by Washington Irving
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" by Washington Irving is a short story written in 1820. Set in 1790 in a secluded glen near Tarrytown, it follows Ichabod Crane, a superstitious schoolmaster who competes with local rowdy Brom Bones for the affections of wealthy Katrina Van Tassel. After a harvest party filled with ghost stories about a Headless Horseman, Ichabod encounters a terrifying cloaked rider on his journey home. The next morning, he has vanished, leaving only mysterious clues behind.
Rip Van Winkle
"Rip Van Winkle" by Washington Irving is a short story published in 1819. It follows a Dutch-American villager who encounters mysterious strangers in the Catskill Mountains, drinks their liquor, and falls into a deep sleep. When he awakens, twenty years have passed and everything has changed—his village is transformed, his friends are gone, and he has slept through the American Revolution. Now an elderly stranger in his own home, Rip must navigate a world he no longer recognizes and reconcile with the life that continued without him.
Old Christmas: from the Sketch Book of Washington Irving
"Old Christmas: from the Sketch Book of Washington Irving" by Washington Irving is a collection of festive essays written in the early 19th century. This work reflects the nostalgic celebration of Christmas traditions and customs from a bygone era, emphasizing themes of hospitality, joy, and community spirit during the holiday season. Irving's writing draws on a variety of characters encountered throughout the festivities, intricately weaving their experiences into the larger tapestry of Christmas in rural England. At the start of the text, the author shares his fond reminiscences of Christmas, describing its warmth and the sense of togetherness that prevails during the festival. He contrasts modern society's eroding traditions with the vibrant memories of leisurely family gatherings, jovial celebrations, and communal feasting. The opening segment introduces various scenes of Christmas preparations, bustling stagecoach travel, and charming characters such as the enthusiastic schoolboys, the robust coachman, and the welcoming country squire, setting a cheerful tone that invites readers into an idyllic celebration of the holiday spirit.
The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon
"The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon" by Washington Irving is a collection of essays and short stories published serially throughout 1819 and 1820. This pioneering work helped establish American literature's international reputation, featuring 34 pieces that range from maudlin to comical. The collection includes Irving's famous tales "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," alongside vignettes of English life written during Irving's time abroad. Through his pseudonymous narrator Geoffrey Crayon, Irving crafted a personality that would define his literary career and captivate readers on both sides of the Atlantic.
The Alhambra
"The Alhambra" by Washington Irving is a collection of essays and tales written in the early 19th century. The work captures the enchanting beauty of the Alhambra, a Moorish palace in Spain, and reflects on its history, legends, and the cultural richness of the region. Irving intricately blends personal observations with romantic storytelling, making the Alhambra feel alive as he explores its architecture, surroundings, and the historical narratives tied to its existence. At the start of the narrative, Irving recounts his journey from Seville to Granada with a friend, describing the stark and rugged landscape of Spain that contrasts with the lush beauty one might expect. He shares vivid depictions of the Spanish scenery, the characters of its inhabitants, and the rustic charm of their ways of life. He highlights the dangers of travel in Spain, mentioning bandits and the precautions taken by travelers. As the story unfolds, Irving's fascination with the Alhambra begins to take root, setting the stage for a deeper exploration of its significance and allure as he starts his adventures in this remarkable locale.
Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada, from the mss. of Fray Antonio Agapida
"Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada" by Washington Irving is a historical account written in the mid-19th century. The work chronicles the tumultuous events surrounding the fall of Granada, the last stronghold of the Moors in Spain, detailing battles, political intrigues, and cultural contrasts between Christians and Muslims during this significant period of history. At the start of the narrative, the author introduces the Kingdom of Granada, emphasizing its rich history and beauty, shortly before outlining the tribute it was forced to pay to the Castilian Crown. The text highlights the internal struggles of the Moorish monarchy, particularly focusing on King Muley Abul Hassan and his tumultuous reign marked by domestic feuds among rival sultanas, which foreshadowed the kingdom's eventual downfall. A pivotal moment occurs with the diplomatic mission of Don Juan de Vera, sent by the Castilian monarchs to demand tribute, illustrating the mounting tensions that would lead to an all-out conflict as both sides prepared for a war that would determine the fate of Granada.
Knickerbocker's History of New York, Complete
"Knickerbocker's History of New York, Complete" by Washington Irving is a satirical parody published in 1809. Originally released under the pseudonym Diedrich Knickerbocker, this work lampoons the early history of New York City and contemporary politics. Irving launched an elaborate hoax before publication, planting missing person advertisements in newspapers about the fictional historian Knickerbocker. The book became an immediate success, establishing Irving's celebrity as an original American writer. Critics have compared its innovative style to works by Sterne, Hawthorne, and Melville.
Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography
"Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography" by Washington Irving is a biographical account written in the mid-19th century. The book explores the life of the celebrated author and poet Oliver Goldsmith, delving into his early years, education, and personal struggles, while also highlighting the characteristics and influences of his family. The narrative spans Goldsmith's journey from his modest upbringing in Ireland to his various adventures and misadventures, ultimately painting a vivid picture of his profound yet whimsical nature. At the start of the biography, Irving introduces Goldsmith, emphasizing the personal warmth readers feel toward him, shaped by his relatable experiences and struggles. The opening chapters outline Goldsmith's origins in a less-than-prosperous household, detailing his schooling under whimsical yet demanding tutors and his early literary inclinations. Irving recounts Goldsmith's formative experiences, including humorous episodes from his adolescence and the challenges he faced at university. Overall, the opening establishes a foundation for understanding Goldsmith's character and foreshadows the trials that would shape his literary voice and ambitions.
Tales of a Traveller
"Tales of a Traveller" by Washington Irving is a collection of short stories written during the early 19th century. The book comprises a variety of tales that combine elements of the supernatural, humor, and adventure, narrated through engaging characters like a nervous gentleman and a bold dragoon. These stories explore themes of love, ghostly encounters, and whimsical adventures set against a backdrop of rich historical contexts. The opening of the collection introduces the narrator's friend, a "nervous gentleman," who recounts a series of strange tales based on his own past encounters and those of his relatives. One prominent tale involves a hunting dinner hosted by a baronet, where the guests, having partaken in wine and celebration, become intrigued by the possibility of ghost stories. The atmosphere shifts from joviality to apprehension when the guests begin to share spooky anecdotes, setting the stage for a blend of humor and horror. This initial section establishes the tone of the book, inviting readers into a whimsical world where the ordinary and the extraordinary intertwine delightfully.
Astoria; Or, Anecdotes of an Enterprise Beyond the Rocky Mountains
"Astoria; Or, Anecdotes of an Enterprise Beyond the Rocky Mountains" by Washington Irving is a historical account published in 1836. The book chronicles John Jacob Astor's ambitious 1810–1813 expedition to establish an American trading post at the mouth of the Columbia River. Financed to compete with British interests, the venture involved perilous sea voyages and overland journeys that blazed the future Oregon Trail. The enterprise ultimately failed due to the War of 1812, conflicts with indigenous peoples, and harsh conditions, costing sixty lives and ending with the sale of all assets to rivals.
Legends of the conquest of Spain
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The Adventures of Captain Bonneville, U. S. A., in the Rocky Mountains and the Far West
"The Adventures of Captain Bonneville, U.S.A., in the Rocky Mountains" by Washington Irving is a historical account written in the early 19th century. The narrative centers on Captain Benjamin Bonneville, an officer in the U.S. Army, who embarks on an expedition to explore the uncharted territories of the Rocky Mountains, blending the thrilling elements of adventure with insights into the fur trade and the life of early American pioneers. The opening of the work introduces Captain Bonneville, revealing his intriguing background as the son of a French immigrant and detailing his transition from soldier to explorer. He is depicted as a man driven by curiosity and ambition, eager to immerse himself in the wilderness after being captivated by the tales of trappers and traders. The narrative establishes the backdrop of the fur trade during Bonneville's era, highlighting the competitive dynamics between various trading companies and the challenges faced by those venturing into the rugged and often dangerous landscape of the American West. Irving provides vivid descriptions and historical context, setting the stage for Bonneville’s adventures that intertwine with interactions among different Indigenous tribes and fellow American explorers.
The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (Volume II)
"The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (Volume II)" by Washington Irving is a biographical work written in 1828. This fictionalized account became the most popular English-language treatment of Columbus for over a century. Irving transformed Spanish historical sources into a hyperbolic narrative that helped shape American nationalist myth-making. Working with explorer Alexander von Humboldt, he charted Columbus's route and landing. However, the work sparked debate among historians for its "active imagination" and perpetuation of the flat Earth myth, blurring the line between historical biography and literary creation.
Life of George Washington, volume 4 of 5
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Spanish Papers
"Spanish Papers" by Washington Irving is a collection of narratives and legends based on the historical events of the Spanish conquest, written in the late 19th century. The work primarily explores the themes surrounding the conflict between the Moors and the Spanish, particularly focusing on the stories of key figures such as Don Roderick, Count Julian, and the noble maiden Florinda. This blend of historical fiction captures the high-minded, chivalrous, and often tragic essence of the era. The opening of the narrative sets the stage for the story of Don Roderick, the last king of the Visigoths, whose rise to power occurs amidst moral decay and tyranny under his predecessor, Witiza. The account delves into the backdrop of political intrigue and personal ambition, highlighting Roderick's enthralling yet tumultuous reign. Roderick's desire for power leads him into a tragic love story with Florinda, daughter of Count Julian, whose fate becomes intertwined with that of Roderick's kingdom, ultimately setting off a chain of events that culminates in betrayal and invasion. This introduction not only lays the foundation for the complex interplay of love and power but also foreshadows the impending doom for Spain as Don Roderick reacts to the signs of his fate with hubris.
Life of George Washington, volume 1 of 5
"Life of George Washington — Volume 01" by Washington Irving is a historical account written in the early 19th century. The book delves deeply into the genealogy and early life of George Washington, exploring the origins of his family and the influences that shaped him into the figure he would become, reflecting on the values and experiences that laid the groundwork for his leadership. The opening of the book meticulously traces the Washington family's lineage back to the time after the Norman Conquest, detailing their rise in status and the evolution of their estate holdings in England. It follows the family through various historical contexts, highlighting key figures such as William de Hertburn, the progenitor of the Washingtons, and his descendants, including Lawrence Washington, who significantly influenced George's upbringing. The narrative captures early experiences of George Washington's life, discussing his childhood, education, and the formative relationships with family members, particularly his mother and brother, which fostered his character and ambition. This comprehensive examination sets the stage for understanding Washington's later achievements and his pivotal role in American history.
Wolfert's Roost, and Miscellanies
"Wolfert's Roost and Miscellanies" by Washington Irving is a collection of essays and stories written in the early 19th century. The narrative is anchored in the historical and cultural landscapes of the Hudson River Valley, particularly centered around the fictionalized mansion known as Wolfert's Roost. Through the voice of the narrator, Geoffrey Crayon, the text offers a blend of reflection and anecdotal tales, showcasing both personal memories and broader historical themes related to Dutch-American heritage, local folklore, and human experience. The opening of the work sets the tone for a rich exploration of the past through a contemplative lens. Geoffrey Crayon introduces his thoughts on the life and times surrounding the Roost, recounting his friendship with Diedrich Knickerbocker, a character of significance in Irving's earlier works. Crayon nostalgically recalls his youth spent in this locale, painting vivid imagery of the serene landscape while establishing a connection to the Dutch settlers' history, folklore, and the charm of rural life. As he reflects on Wolfert Acker, the house's original proprietor, the reader is drawn into a narrative filled with humor, local color, and themes of retreat from the modern world, hinting at tales of adventure, memories of witchcraft, and the enduring legacy of a bygone era.
The Crayon Papers
"The Crayon Papers" by Washington Irving is a collection of literary sketches written during the early 19th century. The work features the character Geoffrey Crayon, who serves as the narrator and commentator on various subjects, including personal reflections, social observations, and tales of adventure. The stories are infused with a romantic spirit and are set against a backdrop of picturesque landscapes, offering a blend of nostalgia and humor that characterizes Irving's style. At the start of "The Crayon Papers," the opening section titled "Mountjoy" introduces us to the narrator's idyllic childhood, steeped in imagination and wonder. We learn about his upbringing in a rural setting near the Hudson River, influenced by his lazy yet affectionate father and his imaginative sisters. The young narrator recalls the enchanting tales he was captivated by, which nurtured his adventurous spirit. He spends his days in nature, exploring the woods and engaging in flights of fancy, foreshadowing the romantic idealism that will characterize his life. The section captures the essence of youthful exploration and the deeply ingrained yearning for beauty and adventure, setting a foundation for the tales that follow in the collection.
Old Christmas
"Old Christmas" by Washington Irving is a nostalgic celebration of Christmas traditions and festivities, written in the early 19th century. This charming piece reflects on the profound impact of Christmas customs in rural England, exploring themes of familial bonds, hospitality, and the joy of gathering together during the holiday season. Through his picturesque and lyrical commentary, Irving evokes a sense of longing for the simpler, merrier days of yore, underscoring the warmth and unity that characterized Christmas in the past. The opening of "Old Christmas" establishes a reflective tone as the narrator bemoans the fading holiday customs and rituals that once brought communities together. It depicts the preparations for Christmas, emphasizing the delightful atmosphere of bustling coaches, festive decorations, and the anticipation of family reunions. The narrator observes travel through the countryside, where children eagerly await returning home for the holidays, and introduces charming anecdotes about the warmth of hospitality found in English inns. Thus, the stage is set for a heartfelt exploration of how the spirit of Christmas enriches lives and fosters connections, bridging the gap between past and present traditions.
Index of the Project Gutenberg Works of Washington Irving
"Index of the Project Gutenberg Works of Washington Irving" by Washington Irving is a comprehensive collection of literary works by the renowned author, likely compiled in the early 21st century for digital readers. This book serves as an index to a range of Irving's writings, which include novels, biographies, essays, and historical accounts. Its focus is on representing the breadth of Irving's contributions to American literature, encompassing his exploration of themes such as folklore, American history, and cultural identity during the early 19th century. The contents of the index reveal a diverse array of works including the famous "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," historical narratives like "A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada," and biographies such as "Oliver Goldsmith." Each listed work showcases Irving's unique narrative style, blending humor, sentimentality, and observation with historical details. His storytelling often brings to life characters and settings rich with Americana, from the whimsical tales of rural life to the dramatic accounts of historical figures. This index not only serves as a gateway for readers to discover Irving's oeuvre but also highlights his significant impact on American literature and culture.
The Student's Life of Washington; Condensed from the Larger Work of Washington Irving For Young Persons and for the Use of Schools
"The Student's Life of Washington; Condensed from the Larger Work of Washington Irving" is a historical account written in the late 19th century. This work condenses the extensive biography of George Washington by Washington Irving, particularly focusing on the key events and characteristics that marked Washington's early life and military career. Aimed at young readers and for use in schools, the book explores the formative years of one of America's most prominent figures. The opening of the text introduces readers to George Washington's lineage, detailing his family's ancient English roots and their emigration to Virginia. It describes his early childhood, upbringing, and education under his mother's guidance and his admiration for his older brother, Lawrence. Washington's initial training in surveying and physical activities reflect his emerging leadership qualities, setting the stage for his future endeavors. As the narrative progresses, it touches upon Washington's youthful experiences and his growing interest in military affairs, foreshadowing his pivotal role in American history.
Cuentos Clásicos del Norte, Segunda Serie
"Cuentos Clásicos del Norte, Segunda Serie" by Washington Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Edward Everett Hale is a collection of classic short stories written in the early 20th century. This compilation brings together notable pieces from three prominent American authors, showcasing their varied narratives that reflect the cultural and historical essence of early American life. The opening of this collection introduces readers to the character of Rip Van Winkle, a man described as simple and good-natured, who struggles against the expectations of his wife and the responsibilities of rural life. We learn about his relationships with the townsfolk and his deep-seated aversion to hard work, which ultimately leads him to escape into the mountains. There, he encounters strange figures and imbibes from a mysterious barrel, resulting in a long, magical sleep. Upon awakening, he finds that he has missed significant changes in the world around him, and his journey serves as a poignant commentary on the passage of time and societal transformation.
Abbotsford and Newstead Abbey
"Abbotsford and Newstead Abbey" by Washington Irving is a travelogue-style narrative written in the early 19th century. The book recounts Irving's visit to the renowned Abbotsford estate belonging to the famous Scotch author Sir Walter Scott, and includes detailed observations about the landscape, its history, and the illustrious figure who inhabited it. The narrative sets the tone for a journey into the past, intertwining details of Scott's life with the romantic essence of Scotland's heritage. The opening of the book describes Irving's arrival at Selkirk and his eagerness to visit Scott at Abbotsford. He provides a vivid depiction of the cottage, still under construction, and introduces the reader to the welcoming personality of Scott himself, who invites Irving to stay for breakfast and explore the surrounding area. As they head towards Melrose Abbey, Scott's son accompanies them, sharing anecdotes and enriching the journey with local lore. The narrative blends personal encounters with Scott's family, engaging conversations about history and nature, and insights into Scott's character, displaying his warmth and humor, as well as his deep connection to Scotland’s mythos and tradition.
Cuentos de la Alhambra
"Cuentos de la Alhambra" by Washington Irving is a book written in 1829 and published in 1832. This romantic work blends travel narrative, diary, and fantasy tales centered on the legendary Alhambra palace in Granada, Spain. Irving himself serves as narrator, recounting his stay within the monument's walls while collecting stories from local inhabitants. The book interweaves Moorish legends—of enchanted princesses, magical treasures, and mystical astrologers—with vivid observations of 1829 Granada and its people, creating an essential work of early Hispanic literature.