Author
Max Simon Nordau
1849-1923
Max Simon Nordau (1849-1923) is a public-domain author available on Rivro. Read free books, explore subjects, and discover related classics.
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Books by Max Simon Nordau
Degeneration
"Degeneration" by Max Nordau is a two-volume work of social criticism published in 1892–1893. Nordau attacks what he considers degenerate art and analyzes late nineteenth-century social phenomena like rapid urbanization. Trained as a physician, he argues that degeneration is a mental illness requiring therapy, examining artists from Oscar Wilde to Richard Wagner as case studies. His controversial concept of "Degenerate Art" would later be seized upon by the Nazi Party, though critics like Sigmund Freud contested his theories.
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Morals and the Evolution of Man
"Morals and the Evolution of Man" by Max Simon Nordau is a philosophical treatise written in the early 20th century. The work explores the concept of morality from various perspectives, including biological, social, and psychological angles. Nordau argues that morality is not an inherent characteristic of human nature but rather a construct arising from societal needs and interactions. He examines the complexities of moral philosophy and critiques the views of various moral theorists throughout history. At the start of the book, Nordau presents an intriguing analogy involving a pike and a tench in a segregated aquarium to illustrate the phenomenon of morality. He discusses how the pike repeatedly attempts to attack the tench despite the presence of an invisible barrier, signifying the limitations imposed by moral compulsion. This sets the stage for Nordau’s broader inquiry into human behavior, where he challenges the notion of inherent good and evil in humanity, suggesting that morality evolves as a response to social structures and needs. His critical examination of historical ethical theories reveals the struggle between instinctual behavior and moral reasoning, prompting deeper reflections on why individuals often suppress their natural desires for societal approval and self-control.
The malady of the century
"The Malady of the Century" by Max Simon Nordau is a literary work likely written in the late 19th century. This novel explores themes of society, nature, and human relationships through the experiences of young men who are navigating their post-graduate lives and romantic interests. The main character, Wilhelm Eynhardt, is portrayed as a thoughtful and sensitive individual who grapples with his feelings for the charming yet somewhat frivolous Fraulein Loulou Ellrich, set against the backdrop of the Black Forest's picturesque beauty. The opening of the novel introduces a lively scene where Eynhardt and his companions, recent graduates, are enjoying a break in the Black Forest. The mood is light-hearted, filled with playful banter and camaraderie as they decide their next steps on a hiking adventure. However, Eynhardt's decision to part ways and explore on his own signals a deeper introspection about his life choices. Soon, he encounters Loulou, initiating a budding relationship that hints at both romantic exuberance and the challenges posed by societal expectations. As their interactions unfold, Eynhardt finds himself caught between his idealistic view of love and the realities of social pressures, setting the stage for a rich exploration of love, ambition, and the struggles of self-identity throughout the narrative.
On art and artists
"On art and artists" by Max Simon Nordau is a collection of art criticism essays written in the early 20th century. The work contends that art has an essential social mission, rejecting “art for art’s sake,” and argues that modern, democratic societies need art that dignifies labor and expands the inner life stunted by specialization. It combines theory with incisive case studies—from medieval French painters to modern sculptors and realists—to show how art has served religion, power, and, increasingly, the public, while critiquing fashionable movements that mistake novelty for substance. The opening of this work lays out a psychological and historical case against pure aestheticism: early art (from cave drawings to children’s sketches) may spring from private impulse, but as civilization develops, artists address audiences, patrons, and social needs. The author surveys how ancient, medieval, and Renaissance art served gods, rulers, and institutions; how modern criticism and public exhibitions shifted authority to critics and the crowd; and why, in an industrial age of extreme specialization, art should restore wholeness and self-respect—especially by ennobling work rather than wallowing in grim realism. He proposes “socialistic art” that arouses pity for the disinherited and reverence for honest labor, exemplified through vivid readings of Constantin Meunier’s miners, smiths, and reapers (while noting a few missteps), and links this to Millet’s moral gravity. A subsequent essay dissects style as the tension between construction (utility) and decoration (luxury), praising organic, meaning-rich ornament and critiquing mindless imitation and derivative “Secessionist” fashion. The opening then revisits medieval French masters, challenging the myth that French art merely copied Flemish or Italian models, highlighting naturalism in manuscript-derived painting, the greatness of Fouquet and the Master of Moulins, and the subtle, proto-revolutionary realism latent in sacred scenes, before turning to a century survey that begins to reassess eighteenth-century painters against the politics of taste.
Zionism and Anti-Semitism
"Zionism and Anti-Semitism" by Max Simon Nordau and Gustav Gottheil is a historical account published in the early 20th century that delves into the concepts of Zionism and the pervasive anti-Semitism faced by Jews. The book aims to clarify the motives and aspirations behind the Zionist movement as well as to articulate the nature and implications of anti-Semitic sentiments in Europe. In the first part of the book, Max Nordau discusses the historical context of Zionism, portraying it as a longstanding aspiration of the Jewish people to return to their ancestral homeland, Zion. He outlines the shift from religious, Messianic interpretations of Zionism to a more political approach, insisting on the need for a Jewish national identity against the backdrop of rising anti-Semitic attitudes. Gustav Gottheil's section addresses the irrationality and historical roots of anti-Semitism, arguing that it is more a reflection of Christendom's struggles with its own values than the faults of the Jewish people. Both authors emphasize the urgent need for Jews to reclaim their identity and organize politically to counteract systemic discrimination and violence, aiming for a future where they can live freely in their own nation.
The dwarf's spectacles, and other fairy tales
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How Women Love (Soul Analysis)
"How Women Love (Soul Analysis)" by Max Simon Nordau is a narrative that blends psychological exploration with social commentary, written in the late 19th century. The story begins in a small village in Hungary, focusing on the tumultuous life of Panna Molnár, a beautiful yet fiery woman married to the exceedingly unattractive cartwright Molnár. The novel delves into themes of beauty, societal expectations, and the dynamics of love and desire, set against the backdrop of complex personal relationships and conflicts. The opening of the book introduces the contrasting characters of Panna and her husband, highlighting their mismatched appearance and the attention they draw from the villagers, particularly Uhlan officers who attempt to woo Panna. As their interactions unfold, Panna displays a fierce independence and willingness to defend herself against unwelcome advances, hinting at her fiery nature. A series of unfortunate events leads to altercations that ultimately end in tragedy for her and her husband, setting the stage for a deeper exploration of societal norms surrounding love, beauty, and justice as the plot progresses. The initial chapters establish a rich context that promises significant character development and social critique throughout the narrative.