The Impossibilities of Anarchism

by Bernard Shaw

"The Impossibilities of Anarchism" by Bernard Shaw is a critical essay published by the Fabian Society in the late 19th century. This work navigates the complexities of anarchist thought, juxtaposing it with socialist ideals. It primarily addresses the practical and philosophical issues inherent in anarchism, particularly the feasibility of achieving a society devoid of state authority while maintaining individual freedoms and productive economic structures. In this thought-provoking essay, Shaw primarily critiques anarchism's reliance on individualism and its underestimation of social and economic influences on human behavior. He argues that an anarchist framework often fails to address essential economic realities, such as competition and resource distribution, which are pivotal in determining the viability of such a system. Shaw suggests that while the ideals of anarchism—liberty and individual choice—are commendable, they overlook the inevitable inequalities and injustices that arise in a non-regulated society. He posits that the transition towards a more equitable society should lean towards democratic socialism, which, unlike anarchism, recognizes the necessity of collective action and authority to ensure fair distribution and social progress.