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IT Filosofia
Browse IT Filosofia as a public-domain reading list on Rivro, with free classics, authors, subjects, and related books.
La filosofia italiana nelle sue relazioni con la filosofia europea
Bertrando Spaventa
La filosofia italiana nelle sue relazioni con la filosofia europea
"La filosofia italiana nelle sue relazioni con la filosofia europea" by Bertrando Spaventa is a philosophical treatise written in the late 19th century. This work discusses the evolution and characteristics of Italian philosophy in the context of European philosophical thought, focusing on the interplay between national identity and philosophical inquiry. The book aims to illuminate how Italian thinkers have engaged with and contributed to broader philosophical movements, particularly in relation to figures like Hegel. The opening of the text provides a preface offering insights into Spaventa's intentions, particularly the desire to critique the perception of a uniquely Italian philosophy that emerges from historical and cultural contexts. He reflects on the role of key philosophers such as Bruno, Vico, and Gioberti, tracing the historical development of Italian thought and its connections to broader European ideas. The text emphasizes that the significance of Italian philosophy lies not in its separation from but in its engagement with the continental currents of philosophical inquiry, thus setting the stage for a critical examination of Italian philosophical identity in relation to its European counterparts.
La libertà
John Stuart Mill
La libertà
"La libertà" by John Stuart Mill is an essay published in 1859 that applies utilitarian philosophy to the relationship between individual freedom and government authority. Mill argues against the tyranny of the majority and proposes a single principle: power may only be exercised over individuals to prevent harm to others. He outlines three fundamental liberties—freedom of thought, freedom to pursue personal tastes, and freedom of association—while examining when society can legitimately restrict individual liberty. The work explores the tension between collective opinion and personal sovereignty.
L'Arte
Federico De Roberto
L'Arte
"L'Arte" by Federico De Roberto is a philosophical work written in the early 20th century. The text delves into the concept of beauty and its relationship with art and nature, exploring the various theories proposed by different philosophers throughout history. It raises fundamental questions about aesthetics and the essence of artistic expression, aiming to analyze the complex interplay between art, perception, and emotion. The opening of the book presents a comprehensive discussion on the definitions of beauty as seen through the lens of various thinkers, including references to literary and philosophical figures such as Flaubert. It highlights the central challenge of defining beauty itself, noting that many esteemed philosophers struggle to provide a definitive answer. Additionally, De Roberto introduces the idea that true artistic expression must convey a deeper essence beyond mere representation, implying that an artist’s interpretation arises from their unique temperament and perception of the world. This thought-provoking foundation sets the stage for a deeper inquiry into aesthetic principles and the nature of artistic creation that unfolds throughout the work.
Letture sopra la mitologia vedica
Angelo De Gubernatis
Letture sopra la mitologia vedica
"Letture sopra la mitologia vedica" by Angelo De Gubernatis is a scholarly work written in the late 19th century. The text delves into the complexities of Vedic mythology, aiming to illuminate the significant myths and deities while exploring their implications on human understanding of the divine. It serves as a foundational text for those interested in comparative mythology and the historical evolution of ancient beliefs. The opening of the work introduces the author's admiration for the notable scholar Ernesto Renan and reflects on his own journey to understanding comparative philology and mythology. De Gubernatis recounts his early struggles with the subject, his eventual fascination with the origins of the Italian language, and how this curiosity led him to explore Eastern texts, particularly those of the Indian tradition, which ultimately shaped his scholarly pursuits. He sets the stage for a discussion of Vedic myths, discussing their development from physical representations to deeper metaphysical concepts, indicating the book will navigate through various layers of meaning within Vedic texts.
Socrate
Antonio Labriola
Socrate
"Socrate" by Antonio Labriola is a scholarly monograph written in the late 19th century. The book provides a comprehensive examination of Socratic philosophy, specifically analyzing Socrates' teachings as interpreted through the lenses of Xenophon, Plato, and Aristotle. It seeks to understand Socrates not just as a philosopher but as a significant figure in the historical and cultural context of ancient Athens, especially considering his trial and execution. The opening of this work introduces the author’s motivations behind writing the monograph, namely to explore the doctrine of Socrates as understood via his contemporaries. Labriola reflects on the historical background of Socrates, including the political and social turmoil in Athens during his life, which culminated in his unjust condemnation. The text describes how Socrates, despite being portrayed as a subversive element by the democratic society that executed him, remained committed to his principles and beliefs, viewing his philosophical inquiries as a divine mission. Through detailed references to historical events, Labriola sets an academic tone and context for a detailed exploration of Socratic thought, emphasizing the interplay between Socratic philosophy and Athenian democracy.
Progetto filosofico di una completa riforma del culto e dell'educazione politico-morale del popolo ebreo, Tomo II
Aron Fernando
Progetto filosofico di una completa riforma del culto e dell'educazione politico-morale del popolo ebreo, Tomo II
"Progetto Filosofico Di una completa riforma del Culto e dell'Educazione Politico-Morale del Popolo Ebreo" by A. Fernando is a philosophical treatise written in the late 18th to early 19th century. The work addresses the moral education of Jewish children, critiquing their upbringing within a framework of superstitions, ignorance, and neglect. It likely aims to outline a comprehensive reformation of both educational practices and religious observances in order to enhance the moral and intellectual development of the Jewish community. The opening of the treatise delves into the concept of moral education, emphasizing how harmful customs and traditions have been passed down through generations. The author argues that the minds of children are like soft wax, easily molded by the influences of their early environment. He critiques the corrupting influences of poorly educated guardians and the inadequate educational systems imparting uninformed religious practices. According to Fernando, this leads to a detrimental cycle of ignorance that affects not only the children but also future generations, perpetuating a state of moral deficiency within the Jewish people.
Progetto filosofico di una completa riforma del culto e dell'educazione politico-morale del popolo ebreo, Tomo I
Aron Fernando
Progetto filosofico di una completa riforma del culto e dell'educazione politico-morale del popolo ebreo, Tomo I
"Progetto filosofico di una completa riforma del culto e dell'educazione politico-morale del popolo ebreo" by A. Fernando is a philosophical treatise written in the early 19th century. The work aims to explore and propose significant reforms concerning the religious and moral education of the Jewish people in the wake of centuries of oppression and trauma. The author seeks to illuminate profound truths and dispel the prejudices that have long shackled the Jewish community. The opening of this treatise introduces an impassioned discourse on the necessity and urgency of reforming Jewish religious practices and education. A. Fernando presents a vision of awakening among the Jewish populace, emphasizing the importance of reason and enlightenment in overcoming ignorance and superstition. He critiques the stagnation caused by long-standing traditions and advocates for a return to the essence of Judaism while asserting that the welfare of humanity depends on the collective advancement beyond religious intolerance and prejudice. The author portrays the historical struggles of the Jewish people and calls upon them to recognize their potential for dignity and self-improvement.
Il dolore nell'arte: discorso
Antonio Fogazzaro
Il dolore nell'arte: discorso
"Il dolore nell'arte: discorso" by Antonio Fogazzaro is a philosophical discourse written in the early 20th century. This work delves into the exploration of pain and its representation in art, examining how suffering can evoke profound beauty and emotional resonance. Fogazzaro articulates the idea that art’s most compelling expressions often stem from the depths of human pain, suggesting that there exists a hidden beauty beneath this anguish. In the discourse, Fogazzaro reflects on the complexities of pain as portrayed by various artists, poets, and philosophers throughout history. He discusses different forms of suffering ranging from personal grief to existential despair, and how these experiences have been immortalized through artistic creations. He evokes powerful imagery and examples, such as Michelangelo's sculptures and Dante’s literary masterpieces, to illustrate how pain can lead to a deeper understanding of beauty. Ultimately, Fogazzaro suggests that while pain may initially seem repulsive, it can bring forth a transformative beauty that enriches both the artist and the observer, creating a profound connection that transcends mere representation.
Il colore del tempo
Federico De Roberto
Il colore del tempo
"Il colore del tempo" by Federico De Roberto is a philosophical treatise written in the late 19th century. The content delves into the nature of literature and journalism, discussing the ephemeral nature of newspapers compared to the lasting impact of literary works. The opening presents a reflection on the rapid changes and frenetic pace of contemporary life, questioning the quality of intellectual output in a society that demands quick consumption and adaptability. At the start of the work, the author contrasts the fleeting existence of newspapers with the enduring essence of books, suggesting that literary compilations of diverse articles can capture the "color of time." He reflects on the transformation in literary styles due to societal changes and technological advancements, pondering if modern authors lack the ambition to create cohesive masterpieces. De Roberto touches upon the impact of democratic ideals on writing, hinting at a deep-seated tension between rapid societal progress and the profound longing for meaningful expression in both literature and life.