Curated shelf
Opera
Browse Opera as a public-domain reading list on Rivro, with free classics, authors, subjects, and related books.
War and Peace
Leo Tolstoy
War and Peace
"War and Peace" by graf Leo Tolstoy is a literary work published in 1869. Set during the Napoleonic Wars, it chronicles the French invasion of Russia through five interlocking narratives following different Russian aristocratic families. The work blends fictional storytelling with philosophical discussions about history, war, and power. Tolstoy himself hesitated to classify it, saying it is "not a novel, even less is it a poem, and still less a historical chronicle." It remains one of the most praised classics of world literature.
The Turn of the Screw
Henry James
The Turn of the Screw
"The Turn of the Screw" by Henry James is a gothic horror novella published in 1898. A young governess arrives at a remote country estate to care for two children, only to become convinced that supernatural forces haunt the grounds. As she witnesses mysterious figures and grows increasingly alarmed by the children's behavior, the line between reality and imagination blurs. This unsettling tale has captivated readers for over a century with its deliberate ambiguity, leaving the true nature of the horror chillingly uncertain.
The Sorrows of Young Werther
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
The Sorrows of Young Werther
"The Sorrows of Young Werther" by Johann Wolfgang Goethe is an epistolary novel published in 1774. Through passionate letters to a friend, young artist Werther recounts his enchantment with a fictional village and its simple peasants. There he meets Charlotte, a beautiful young woman caring for her siblings—and falls deeply in love despite knowing she's engaged to another man. As their friendship deepens and circumstances shift, Werther's unrequited passion becomes an unbearable torment that demands resolution.
The Phantom of the Opera
Gaston Leroux
The Phantom of the Opera
"The Phantom of the Opera" by Gaston Leroux is a Gothic horror novel first published in 1909-1910. Set beneath the grand Paris Opera House, the story follows a mysterious, disfigured figure known as the Phantom who haunts the theater's depths. When he becomes obsessed with a young soprano named Christine Daaé, a dangerous love triangle emerges involving her childhood friend Raoul. As the Phantom's demands grow more violent and his jealousy intensifies, Christine finds herself trapped between two worlds—one above ground, one in the shadows below.
Carmen
Prosper Mérimée
Carmen
"Carmen" by Prosper Mérimée is a novella written and first published in 1845. In the lonely hills of Andalusia, a scholar meets a notorious outlaw named Don José, who tells the tale of his tragic downfall. His story revolves around Carmen, a captivating Romani woman whose fierce independence and refusal to be tamed leads to jealousy, violence, and death. This dark narrative of passion and fate later inspired Bizet's famous opera.
Macbeth
William Shakespeare
Macbeth
"Macbeth" by William Shakespeare is a tragedy first performed in 1606. When a Scottish general receives a prophecy from three witches that he will become king, his ambition ignites. Spurred by his wife, Macbeth murders his way to the throne through violent betrayal. But seizing power proves easier than keeping it. Consumed by guilt and paranoia, the new king descends into tyranny and madness, committing further murders to secure his position. This dark exploration of ambition's corrupting force remains Shakespeare's shortest and most psychologically intense tragedy.
Library of the World's Best Mystery and Detective Stories
Unknown
Library of the World's Best Mystery and Detective Stories
"Library of the World's Best Mystery and Detective Stories" by Julian Hawthorne is a collection of short stories edited in the early 20th century. This anthology features a hundred and one tales from renowned authors across different cultures, showcasing their contributions to the mystery and detective genres. The stories promise a rich tapestry of suspense, intrigue, and revelation, inviting readers to delve into the minds of brilliant detectives and twisted criminals alike. The opening of this collection introduces the readers to "The Necklace" by Guy de Maupassant, which follows the story of Mathilde Loisel, a woman who longs for a life of luxury and wealth despite her modest upbringing. When her husband secures an invitation to a prestigious ball, Mathilde laments her lack of beautiful attire and jewelry. In desperation, she borrows a stunning diamond necklace from a wealthy friend—an act that sets off a chain of events leading to her downfall. The narrative encapsulates themes of desire, pride, and the harsh realities of life, grabbing the reader's attention with its poignant exploration of appearances versus reality.
Riders to the Sea
J. M. (John Millington) Synge
Riders to the Sea
"Riders to the Sea" by J. M. Synge is a one-act tragedy first performed in 1904. Set on the Aran Islands off the Irish coast, the play depicts a family's hopeless struggle against the relentless cruelty of the sea. Maurya, a grief-stricken mother who has already lost her husband and five sons to drowning, faces the unbearable possibility of losing her last remaining son. Written in the poetic dialect of rural Ireland, this work explores themes of fate, tradition, and acceptance in the face of inevitable loss.
Eugene Oneguine [Onegin] A Romance of Russian Life in Verse
Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin
Eugene Oneguine [Onegin] A Romance of Russian Life in Verse
"Eugene Oneguine" by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin is a novel in verse published between 1825 and 1832. In 1820s Russia, a jaded St. Petersburg dandy inherits a country estate and befriends a young poet. When the poet's idealistic neighbor confesses her love, Onegin coldly rejects her. A fatal duel shatters friendships, and years later, fate reunites the protagonists under dramatically altered circumstances. This classic exploration of love, regret, and social convention unfolds through Pushkin's masterful verse in the distinctive "Onegin stanza."
Madame Flirt A Romance of 'The Beggar's Opera'
Charles Edward Pearce
Madame Flirt A Romance of 'The Beggar's Opera'
"Madame Flirt" by Charles Edward Pearce is a romance novel written in the early 20th century. The story appears to weave a tale steeped in the culture and vibrancy of London's historical setting, specifically around the infamous character of Lavinia Fenton, a street singer with dreams of a better life. The narrative hints at Lavinia's trials as she navigates her ambitions, her interactions with notable figures of the time, and the complexities of love and rivalry, particularly concerning her mother's control over her life. The opening of the novel introduces us to a lively scene at the Maiden Head Inn in St. Giles, where a group of men, including the poet John Gay and Lord Bolingbroke, are captivated by the singing of a young woman named Lavinia. Their admiration for her talent leads to discussions about her potential, and Gay's intention to help her escape her difficult circumstances becomes evident. As Lavinia finds herself in a tense confrontation with a rival, Sally Salisbury, the characters around her reveal the chaotic and often dangerous world she inhabits amidst the backdrop of 18th-century London. This setting promises an exploration of Lavinia's journey from humble beginnings to her aspirations for fame and love, against the odds presented by both her family and the society around her.
Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded
Samuel Richardson
Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded
"Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded" by Samuel Richardson is an epistolary novel published in 1740. Through letters and journal entries, fifteen-year-old maidservant Pamela Andrews recounts her employer Mr. B's persistent unwanted advances after his mother's death. Torn between her religious principles and desire for approval, Pamela faces seduction attempts, assaults, and kidnapping as the wealthy landowner pursues her. This groundbreaking work explores virtue, class barriers, and the troubling boundaries between aggression and courtship in eighteenth-century England.
La dame aux camélias
Alexandre Dumas
La dame aux camélias
"La dame aux camélias" by Alexandre Dumas is a novel first published in 1848. Based on the author's own love affair with a courtesan, it tells the tragic story of Marguerite Gautier, a consumptive courtesan, and Armand Duval, a young bourgeois who fall deeply in love. When they retreat to the countryside together, Armand's father intervenes, fearing scandal will ruin the family's reputation. The novel explores forbidden love constrained by society's moral expectations in nineteenth-century Paris.
The Complete Plays of Gilbert and Sullivan
Arthur Sullivan
The Complete Plays of Gilbert and Sullivan
"The Complete Plays of Gilbert and Sullivan" by Sir Arthur Sullivan and W. S. Gilbert is a collection of operas created in the late 19th century, encompassing a delightful array of comic operas which are renowned for their wit, clever lyrics, and intricate musical compositions. The opening portion introduces "The Gondoliers," highlighting its comedic and whimsical exploration of social themes, including class and monarchy, through the lives and interactions of gondoliers in Venice. At the start of "The Gondoliers," the scene is set in the picturesque Piazzetta of Venice, where groups of contadine (young maidens) are preparing bouquets for two distinguished gondoliers, Marco and Giuseppe. As the gondoliers arrive, both men are presented with floral tributes by the maidens enamored with them, creating a lively atmosphere filled with excitement. The narrative quickly unfolds into a series of lighthearted misadventures involving a mistaken identity regarding royal lineage, highlighting the tension between their humble lives and their unexpected royal duties. The characters’ playful banter, combined with Gilbert's sharp social commentary, sets the stage for a comedic exploration of love, duty, and the absurdities of class distinctions. The dynamic between the gondoliers and their potential brides encapsulates the humor and charm that are hallmarks of Gilbert and Sullivan's collaboration.
Woyzeck
Georg Büchner
Woyzeck
"Woyzeck" by Georg Büchner is a dramatic fragment written between July and October 1836. Left unfinished at the author's death in 1837, this groundbreaking work follows a poor soldier exploited by those above him. Based on the true case of a man who murdered his lover, the play explores themes of poverty, mental deterioration, and social injustice. Its fragmented structure and episodic scenes revolutionized dramatic form, making it one of the most performed and influential works in German literature.
The Works of Lord Byron. Vol. 5 Poetry
George Gordon Byron Byron
The Works of Lord Byron. Vol. 5 Poetry
"The Works of Lord Byron. Vol. 5" by Baron George Gordon Byron is a collection of poetry and dramas written in the early 19th century. This volume includes notable works such as "Sardanapalus," "The Two Foscari," and "Cain," showcasing Byron's exploration of historical themes and dramatic narratives. The collection reflects upon complex characters and political intrigue, often centering around figures grappling with identity, power, and morality. At the start of the volume, the preface reveals that the works within were penned during the last two years of Byron's poetic career, suggesting a sense of urgency and reflection as he approached the end of his life. The opening of "Sardanapalus" introduces the titular king, characterized as effeminate and steeped in luxury, yet stirring with latent courage. A tension arises as Salemenes, the king's brother-in-law, urges Sardanapalus to shed his indulgent lifestyle and reclaim his responsibilities as a ruler amidst growing unrest. The drama unfolds in a palace setting, where themes of passion, duty, and impending peril intertwine, setting the stage for a riveting exploration of what it means to be a king.
The Beggar's Opera; to Which is Prefixed the Musick to Each Song
John Gay
The Beggar's Opera; to Which is Prefixed the Musick to Each Song
"The Beggar's Opera; to Which is Prefixed the Musick to Each Song by John Gay" is a ballad opera written in 1728 with music arranged by Johann Christoph Pepusch. Set among London's thieves and criminals, this groundbreaking work satirizes Italian opera, corrupt politicians, and social inequality. Using familiar folk tunes instead of grand arias, it tells a story where ordinary criminals mirror the behavior of society's elite. The piece became a sensation, running for an unprecedented 62 consecutive performances and establishing itself as the eighteenth century's most popular play.
The Robbers
Friedrich Schiller
The Robbers
"The Robbers" by Friedrich Schiller is a dramatic play published in 1781. This groundbreaking work centers on two aristocratic brothers locked in devastating conflict: the charismatic Karl and the calculating Franz, who schemes to steal his brother's inheritance. As Franz's manipulations drive Karl toward rebellion and violence, the play explores the blurred lines between liberty and law, good and evil. Schiller's emotionally charged language and unflinching portrayal of violence shocked eighteenth-century audiences, making him an overnight sensation and profoundly influencing European melodrama.
Wilhelm Tell
Friedrich Schiller
Wilhelm Tell
"Wilhelm Tell" by Friedrich Schiller is a drama written in 1804. Set during Switzerland's fight for independence from Habsburg tyranny in the early 14th century, the play follows legendary marksman William Tell as he confronts the brutal Governor Gessler. When Tell refuses to bow to the tyrant's symbol of power, he faces a horrifying test: shoot an apple from his own son's head or face death. This act of cruelty ignites a powder keg of rebellion among the oppressed Swiss people seeking freedom.
Mary Stuart: A Tragedy
Friedrich Schiller
Mary Stuart: A Tragedy
"Mary Stuart: A Tragedy" by Friedrich Schiller is a verse play written in 1800. The drama depicts the final days of Mary, Queen of Scots, imprisoned in England due to her claim to Elizabeth I's throne. As Elizabeth hesitates over signing Mary's death warrant, Mary places her hopes in secret allies who may secure her freedom. A fateful meeting between the two queens ends disastrously, sealing Mary's fate and leaving Elizabeth isolated by her own decisions.
Chapters of Opera Being historical and critical observations and records concerning the lyric drama in New York from its earliest days down to the present time
Henry Edward Krehbiel
Chapters of Opera Being historical and critical observations and records concerning the lyric drama in New York from its earliest days down to the present time
"Chapters of Opera" by Henry Edward Krehbiel is a historical and critical account written in the early 20th century. This work provides an extensive examination of the development of the lyric drama in New York, particularly focusing on the city's operatic history from its first Italian performances in the early 19th century to the momentous events occurring around 1908. Krehbiel shares his personal experiences as a long-time musical critic for The New York Tribune, providing insights into the various artistic and management dynamics that have shaped opera in New York. At the start of the narrative, Krehbiel sets the scene by reflecting on the origins of Italian opera in New York, recounting the challenges and triumphs of early productions, including the debut of Rossini's "Il Barbiere di Siviglia" in 1825. He includes anecdotes about key figures such as Manuel Garcia and Lorenzo da Ponte, as well as detailing the transformations in audience tastes and opera management through accounts of early opera houses and their struggles for acceptance. This opening portion lays a solid foundation for a deeper exploration into the intricacies of operatic life in the city, illustrating the rich cultural tapestry that defines New York's operatic legacy.
The Song of the Lark
Willa Cather
The Song of the Lark
"The Song of the Lark" by Willa Cather is a novel written in 1915. It follows Thea Kronborg, a talented girl from a small Colorado town who dreams of becoming a musician. When a teacher discovers her remarkable singing voice, she leaves home to pursue vocal training in Chicago and beyond. The novel traces her artistic development and personal sacrifices as she climbs toward success, shedding relationships that no longer serve her ambition in the burgeoning American West.
The Standard Operaglass Detailed Plots of One Hundred and Fifty-one Celebrated Operas
Charles Annesley
The Standard Operaglass Detailed Plots of One Hundred and Fifty-one Celebrated Operas
"The Standard-Operaglass" by Charles Annesley is a reference guide focused on opera, written in the early 20th century. The work contains detailed plots and critical remarks for one hundred and fifty-one famous operas, making it a valuable resource for opera enthusiasts and critics alike. Readers can expect insights into the composers, notable characters, and historical context behind these works, enhancing their overall appreciation of operatic art. At the start of the text, the author provides an overview of how the guide is structured, beginning with "Abu Hassan," a comic opera by Weber. The summary details the plot of the opera, describing the main character, Abu Hassan, who finds himself in financial trouble and concocts a scheme involving his wife to improve his situation. Following this, the opening continues with summaries of more operas, such as Meyerbeer’s "L'Africaine" and Verdi's "Aida," which are briefly outlined alongside their plots and notable elements, suggesting that the book aims to succinctly convey essential stories and themes from a vast repertoire of opera.
A House of Pomegranates
Oscar Wilde
A House of Pomegranates
"A House of Pomegranates" by Oscar Wilde is a collection of fairy tales published in 1891. This second fairy tale collection presents four stories exploring beauty, cruelty, love, and sacrifice. A young king confronts the suffering behind royal splendor, a dwarf discovers heartbreaking truth, a fisherman abandons his soul for a mermaid's love, and a cruel boy faces transformation. Influenced by the Brothers Grimm and Hans Christian Andersen, Wilde crafted these tales for adults, not children, weaving decadent themes with moral complexity.
Epicoene; Or, The Silent Woman
Ben Jonson
Epicoene; Or, The Silent Woman
"Epicoene; Or, The Silent Woman" by Ben Jonson is a comedy first performed in 1609. The play follows Dauphine, who devises an elaborate scheme to secure his inheritance from his uncle Morose, a wealthy man with an extreme hatred of noise. The plan centers on tricking Morose into marrying Epicoene, who appears to be the perfect silent bride. But after the wedding, chaos erupts as the house fills with noisy guests and the supposedly quiet wife reveals a very different nature. The play builds toward a shocking revelation that changes everything.
Richard Wagner, Composer of Operas
John F. Runciman
Richard Wagner, Composer of Operas
"Richard Wagner, Composer of Operas" by John F. Runciman is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book provides an examination of the life and works of the renowned composer Richard Wagner, emphasizing his artistic journey and the evolution of his operatic style. Runciman aims to present a straightforward depiction of Wagner's achievements and struggles, avoiding excessive theorizing or bias regarding Wagner's complex legacy. The opening of the book introduces Richard Wagner's early life, detailing his birth in Leipzig during a turbulent time marked by war and strife. It discusses his family background, the influence of his theatrical stepfather, and the early signs of his creativity amidst personal and societal hardships. Runciman explores Wagner's formative years, including his education and the development of his passion for music and drama, setting the stage for understanding the extraordinary talent that led to Wagner becoming one of the most significant figures in operatic history.
The Bride of Lammermoor
Walter Scott
The Bride of Lammermoor
"The Bride of Lammermoor" by Sir Walter Scott is a historical novel published in 1819. Set in the Scottish Lammermuir Hills around the time of the 1707 Act of Union, it tells the tragic story of Lucy Ashton and Edgar Ravenswood, whose families are bitter enemies. When the young lovers become engaged, Lucy's manipulative mother schemes to destroy their relationship and force Lucy into a politically advantageous marriage. Based on an actual incident, this dark tale of thwarted love inspired Donizetti's famous opera "Lucia di Lammermoor."
Boris Godunov: a drama in verse
Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin
Boris Godunov: a drama in verse
"Boris Godunov: A Drama in Verse" by Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin is a dramatic play written in the early 19th century. The work is set in Russia during the tumultuous reign of Boris Godunov, exploring themes of power, legitimacy, and the consequences of political ambition. The principal characters include Boris Godunov, a peasant’s son who ascends to the throne amid claims of tyranny and murder, and a young monk named Gregory Otrepiev, who emerges as a pretender to the tsar's title, leading to the central conflict of the play. The opening of "Boris Godunov" presents a vivid portrayal of political intrigue and unrest in Russia. As the play begins, key nobles discuss Boris's reluctance to ascend the throne amid the public's discontent and the shadow of the murdered tsarevich Dimitry. Characters like Prince Shuisky and Vorotinsky speculate on Boris's culpability in the young prince's death. The people's cries for leadership set the stage for Boris’s eventual reluctant acceptance of power and introduce Gregory Otrepiev, whose ambitions ignite a turbulent quest for the throne, foretelling the chaotic struggle for authority and legitimacy that unfolds throughout the narrative.
Die Leiden des jungen Werther — Band 1
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Die Leiden des jungen Werther — Band 1
"Die Leiden des jungen Werther — Band 1" by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is an epistolary novel published in 1774. Young legal clerk Werther falls deeply in love with Lotte, who is engaged to another man. Through letters, he chronicles his passionate feelings and growing despair as he struggles with this impossible love. The novel draws on Goethe's own experiences and became an immediate bestseller, establishing him as a literary sensation across Europe and cementing its place among the most successful novels in literary history.
Hänsel and Gretel: A Fairy Opera in Three Acts
Engelbert Humperdinck
Hänsel and Gretel: A Fairy Opera in Three Acts
"Hänsel and Gretel: A Fairy Opera in Three Acts" by Engelbert Humperdinck is an opera composed between 1891 and 1892. Based on the Grimm brothers' fairy tale, this beloved work follows two hungry children sent into a haunted forest to gather strawberries. As darkness falls, they lose their way and encounter mysterious terrors lurking among the trees. With folk-inspired melodies and the famous "Evening Benediction," Humperdinck's enchanting score transforms the classic tale of siblings facing a sinister threat deep in the woods.
Faust: A Lyric Drama in Five Acts
Charles Gounod
Faust: A Lyric Drama in Five Acts
"Faust: A Lyric Drama in Five Acts" by Gounod, Barbier, and Carré is a grand opera composed in 1859. An aging scholar, despairing over a life wasted on fruitless studies, strikes a fateful bargain with the demonic Méphistophélès. Transformed into a handsome young man, Faust pursues the virtuous Marguerite, setting in motion a tragic tale of temptation, love, and damnation. Based on Goethe's legendary story, this five-act opera became one of the most frequently performed works in operatic history.
The Perfect Wagnerite: A Commentary on the Niblung's Ring
Bernard Shaw
The Perfect Wagnerite: A Commentary on the Niblung's Ring
"The Perfect Wagnerite: A Commentary on the Niblung's Ring" by Bernard Shaw is a philosophical commentary published in 1898. Shaw offers a radical reinterpretation of Wagner's Ring cycle, reading it as a Marxist allegory about capitalism's collapse rather than a simple fairy tale. He argues the work depicts "the whole tragedy of human history" and contemporary dilemmas, accessible only to those with wider consciousness beyond domestic concerns and conventional thinking. Shaw also traces Wagner's shift from music drama back toward traditional opera.
A Second Book of Operas
Henry Edward Krehbiel
A Second Book of Operas
"A Second Book of Operas" by Henry Edward Krehbiel is a literary examination of operas, particularly those that draw upon Biblical stories, written during the late 19th century. The work discusses various operas and oratorios, scrutinizing their thematic connections to Biblical narratives as well as the creative processes of their composers, including the manipulations and adaptations that occur when transferring stories from text to stage. The opening of the book sets the stage for Krehbiel’s exploration of Biblical operas, beginning with a discussion on the challenges posed by censorship and audience expectations. He reflects on notable works like Gounod's "Reine de Saba," and how titles and content sometimes shift away from their scriptural origins to appease cultural sensitivities. Krehbiel introduces the complex relationship between music and narrative in operas such as Handel's "Mose in Egitto" and Saint-Saens's "Samson et Dalila," highlighting both the artistic merit as well as the potential pitfalls concerning faithfulness to the original Biblical texts. The opening portion demonstrates Krehbiel’s understanding of the interplay between dramatic representation and musical composition and sets the stage for a deeper analysis of individual operas throughout the subsequent chapters.
Thais
Anatole France
Thais
"Thais" by Anatole France is a novel published in 1890. Based on the life of a legendary 4th-century Egyptian saint, it tells the story of Paphnuce, an ascetic hermit who travels to Alexandria to convert Thais, a famous libertine beauty. When he succeeds in bringing her to Christianity, an unexpected transformation occurs—he becomes obsessed with her former life while she devotes herself to repentance. Their spiritual journeys take ironic and tragic turns in this tale of faith, desire, and illusion.
Jerusalem Delivered
Torquato Tasso
Jerusalem Delivered
"Jerusalem Delivered" by Torquato Tasso is an epic poem first published in 1581. It reimagines the First Crusade as Christian knights, led by Godfrey of Bouillon, battle to capture Jerusalem from Muslim forces. The poem weaves historical figures with fictional characters in a tale of romantic entanglements, magical enchantments, and warriors torn between love and duty. Three Muslim women—including the warrior-maiden Clorinda and the sorceress Armida—become romantically involved with Christian knights, leading to betrayals, conversions, and tragic consequences amid the siege.
The Borough
George Crabbe
The Borough
"The Borough" by George Crabbe is a poetic narrative likely written in the early 19th century. The work serves as a comprehensive portrayal of a fictional seaside town, exploring its landscapes, social dynamics, and the lives of its inhabitants. Through vivid imagery and intricate verse, the book captures the contrasts between urban and rural life, while giving voice to various characters including local fishermen, sailors, and the clergy, highlighting their struggles and aspirations. At the start of "The Borough," the author introduces the vibrant town through lush descriptions of the landscape and river scenes, painting a picture of maritime life and the everyday toil of its residents. The narration reflects on the challenges posed by the environment, the busy quay, and the interactions among townsfolk, emphasizing the contrast between the bustling port and the serene countryside. Crabbe's keen attention to detail invites readers to envision the community's dynamic nature and its characters' diverse experiences, from the struggles of fishermen braving the sea to the domestic lives of those tied to the land. This opening portion establishes the foundation for a deeper exploration of the borough's inhabitants and their multifaceted existence.
Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732), Author of "The Beggar's Opera"
Lewis Melville
Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732), Author of "The Beggar's Opera"
"Life and Letters of John Gay (1685-1732), Author of 'The Beggar's Opera'" by Lewis Melville is a biographical account published in the early 20th century. It delves into the life of John Gay, a notable figure in 18th-century literature, best known for his work "The Beggar's Opera" as well as his original pastorals and fables. The narrative chronicles Gay's relationships with contemporary literary figures like Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, and Lady Suffolk, shedding light on both his literary accomplishments and personal trials. The opening of the book provides insights into Gay's early years, marking his lineage and upbringing in Devonshire, England. It discusses his family's background, their eventual decline, and his education, leading to his later life in London where he struggled for recognition. The text highlights Gay's friendships and connections with influential writers of his time, painting a vivid picture of his social life amidst the literary salons. The detail about Gay's initial attempts at authorship, including clues about his aspirations and disappointments, sets the stage for a richer understanding of the man whose works would eventually earn him a lasting literary legacy.
Kabale und Liebe: Ein bürgerliches Trauerspiel
Friedrich Schiller
Kabale und Liebe: Ein bürgerliches Trauerspiel
"Kabale und Liebe: Ein bürgerliches Trauerspiel" by Friedrich Schiller is a five-act play written in 1784. Ferdinand, a nobleman's son, and Luise Miller, a musician's daughter, fall deeply in love despite their different social classes. Both fathers oppose the relationship, and the president schemes to marry Ferdinand to the duke's mistress instead. A sinister plot involving false letters and forced oaths threatens to destroy the lovers' bond. This bourgeois tragedy explores the deadly conflict between middle-class values and aristocratic power.
Siegfried & The Twilight of the Gods The Ring of the Niblung, part 2
Richard Wagner
Siegfried & The Twilight of the Gods The Ring of the Niblung, part 2
"Siegfried & The Twilight of the Gods" by Richard Wagner is an opera composed in the 1870s. This epic music drama concludes Wagner's four-part Ring cycle, premiering in 1876. The hero Siegfried possesses a powerful ring and pledges his love to the Valkyrie Brünnhilde. But when he encounters the Gibichung court, deception and a magic potion shatter his memory. Schemes unfold involving blood-brotherhood, stolen rings, and disguised identities, setting in motion events that will determine the fate of gods and mortals alike.
Tristan and Isolda: Opera in Three Acts
Richard Wagner
Tristan and Isolda: Opera in Three Acts
"Tristan and Isolda: Opera in Three Acts" by Richard Wagner is a music drama composed between 1857 and 1859. Based on a medieval romance, the opera explores profound themes of insatiable human longing and transcendent love beyond death. Wagner drew inspiration from philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer and his muse Mathilde Wesendonck while creating this work. The opera's revolutionary harmony and famous opening "Tristan chord" marked a defining moment in modern music. Its advanced musical language divided early audiences but grew enormously influential, shaping generations of Western classical composers.
Operas Every Child Should Know Descriptions of the Text and Music of Some of the Most Famous Masterpieces
Mary Schell Hoke Bacon
Operas Every Child Should Know Descriptions of the Text and Music of Some of the Most Famous Masterpieces
"Operas Every Child Should Know" by Mary Schell Hoke Bacon is a collection of descriptions and explorations of famous operas aimed at children, likely written in the early 20th century. The book focuses on some of the most notable operatic masterpieces and aims to make them accessible to young audiences, offering insights into their stories and music, while embracing the beauty and complexity of opera as a genre. The opening of the book introduces the foreword, which discusses the challenges of selecting specific operas to include and reflects on the subjective nature of operatic quality and popularity. The author emphasizes that the goal is not just to present great works but also to give children a sense of the rich tapestry of operatic storytelling and music. It mentions various operas and composers that will be covered, setting the stage for a journey through the world of opera, imparting an appreciation for its history, diversity, and emotional resonance. The author asserts that understanding the stories behind the music enhances the overall experience of opera.
Hernani
Victor Hugo
Hernani
"Hernani" by Victor Hugo is a drama written in August and September 1829. Set in 1519 Spain, it tells the story of three men—an elderly nobleman, a bandit hiding noble origins, and the King of Spain himself—who all compete for the love of the beautiful Dona Sol. Their rivalry unfolds against a backdrop of political conspiracy and questions of honor, leading to a tragic resolution. The play's premiere sparked such intense controversy that it became known as the "Battle of Hernani," marking a revolutionary moment in French theater.
A Book of Operas: Their Histories, Their Plots, and Their Music
Henry Edward Krehbiel
A Book of Operas: Their Histories, Their Plots, and Their Music
"A Book of Operas: Their Histories, Their Plots, and Their Music" by Henry Edward Krehbiel is a comprehensive analysis of opera, focusing on key works and their journeys through performance history, written in the late 19th century. This exploration delves into the narratives, characters, composers, and significant productions of various famous operas, elucidating how their intricate plots and musical compositions have evolved over time and gained traction in various cultural contexts. The opening of the book lays the groundwork by detailing the history of Italian opera in America, beginning with the landmark performance of Rossini's "Il Barbiere di Siviglia." This section highlights the challenges and triumphs faced during its introduction, including initial failures and later success, while recounting the pivotal roles performed by singers and composers involved. An in-depth examination of "Il Barbiere di Siviglia" reveals its plot dynamics, character motivations, and the ingenuity that Rossini brought to the score, often reflecting on how the work has been interpreted and adapted throughout the years, showcasing Krehbiel’s expertise in bridging the gap between musical theory and practical performance history.
Wagner's "Tristan und Isolde": An Essay on the Wagnerian Drama
George Ainslie Hight
Wagner's "Tristan und Isolde": An Essay on the Wagnerian Drama
"Wagner's 'Tristan und Isolde': An Essay on the Wagnerian Drama" by George Ainslie Hight is a critical examination of Richard Wagner's dramatic works, likely written in the early 20th century. This essay serves as a primer for newcomers interested in Wagner's artistry, aiming to clarify the distinct elements that set his compositions apart from previous operatic traditions, particularly in the context of "Tristan und Isolde." Hight highlights the need for a deeper understanding of Wagner's aims and the challenges faced by audiences conditioned by earlier French and Italian operas. The beginning of the essay sets the tone for Hight's exploration into Wagner's philosophy and artistry, emphasizing the necessity of altering one's perception to appreciate Wagner's innovations. Hight argues that an understanding of Wagner's work requires an unlearning of contemporary operatic preconceptions and calls for readers to engage with the emotional depths conveyed through Wagner’s music and drama. The initial chapters introduce various themes including the significance of Wagner's theoretical writings and the nature of Wagner's dramatic expression, discussing the broader implications of his work in the context of art and societal values. Hight portrays Wagner not only as a composer but as a reformer of dramatic art, urging readers to comprehend the organic unity of the arts he pursued in his dramatic structures.
The Iphigenia in Tauris of Euripides
Euripides
The Iphigenia in Tauris of Euripides
"The Iphigenia in Tauris of Euripides" by Euripides is a drama written between 414 BC and 412 BC. Iphigenia, rescued from sacrifice by the goddess Artemis, serves as a priestess in a foreign land where she must ritually kill Greek strangers. When two captives arrive at her temple, she doesn't realize one is her brother Orestes, whom she believes dead. Their fated encounter sets in motion a desperate plan for escape and reunion.
The Standard Operas: Their Plots, Their Music, and Their Composers (12th edition)
George P. (George Putnam) Upton
The Standard Operas: Their Plots, Their Music, and Their Composers (12th edition)
"The Standard Operas: Their Plots, Their Music, and Their Composers" by George P. Upton is a comprehensive handbook on operas, published during the late 19th century. This work aims to provide readers with a brief but informative overview of operas likely to be performed during regular seasons, featuring insights into each composer's biography, the plot of the operas, notable musical elements, and historical context. The opening of the handbook introduces its objectives and methodology, emphasizing the author’s intent to present accessible information to opera enthusiasts, regardless of their musical education. Upton includes a preface that outlines the structure of the book, detailing the inclusion of prominent scenes, notable musical pieces, and original casts. Following the preface, the contents list various notable composers, such as Auber and Donizetti, along with their signature works, indicating that the subsequent chapters will delve into individual operas, exploring their unique stories, scores, and their contributions to the operatic repertoire.
The Rhinegold & The Valkyrie The Ring of the Niblung, part 1
Richard Wagner
The Rhinegold & The Valkyrie The Ring of the Niblung, part 1
"The Rhinegold & The Valkyrie" by Richard Wagner are the first two operas of a monumental four-part cycle composed between 1848 and 1874. These epic music dramas tell of gods, heroes, and mythical creatures struggling over a magic ring that grants world domination. Drawing from Norse sagas and Germanic legend, the story follows the schemes of Wotan, chief of the gods, as he attempts to regain the cursed ring stolen from the Rhine maidens—setting in motion conflicts that span generations and lead toward ultimate catastrophe.
Manon Lescaut
abbé Prévost
Manon Lescaut
"Manon Lescaut" by Abbé Prévost is a novel first published in 1731. It tells the tragic love story of a young nobleman and a common woman who choose to live together unmarried, triggering a moral descent into gambling, fraud, and crime. Their passionate relationship leads them from Paris's underworld to deportation in New Orleans, where their fate awaits in the wilderness. Narrated by the nobleman himself, this confessional tale shocked eighteenth-century readers with its realistic portrayal of scandal and became French literature's most reprinted novel by 1991.
Don Álvaro, o, La fuerza del Sino
Angel de Saavedra Rivas
Don Álvaro, o, La fuerza del Sino
"Don Álvaro, o, La fuerza del Sino" by duque de Angel de Saavedra Rivas is a play premiered in 1835. This landmark work of Spanish Romanticism follows the mysterious Don Álvaro, whose forbidden love for the aristocratic Leonor leads to a chain of fatal accidents. When a pistol discharges unexpectedly, killing her father, the lovers are torn apart and pursued by vengeance. Across Spain and Italy, Don Álvaro desperately seeks escape from his tragic fate, but death follows him relentlessly, claiming everyone he holds dear.