Curated shelf
Poetry
Browse Poetry as a public-domain reading list on Rivro, with free classics, authors, subjects, and related books.
The Complete Works of William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
The Complete Works of William Shakespeare
"The Complete Works of William Shakespeare" by William Shakespeare is a comprehensive collection containing all of Shakespeare's plays and poems. This standard volume gathers the playwright's entire output, including histories, tragedies, and comedies that have shaped literature for centuries. Some editions feature collaborative works with other writers, though their authorship remains debated. Published by numerous academic presses and major publishers, these collected editions have become prized possessions for book collectors, often released in luxurious leather-bound formats that preserve Shakespeare's timeless literary legacy.
Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem
Unknown
Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem
"Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem" by J. Lesslie Hall is an epic poem written in the late 19th century. The narrative focuses on the heroic figure Beowulf, a warrior from Geatland, who seeks to help Hrothgar, the Danish king, rid his land of the monstrous creature Grendel that has been terrorizing his mead-hall. This tale weaves themes of heroism, loyalty, and the struggle between good and evil, set against the backdrop of the early medieval period. The opening of the poem introduces the legacy of Scyld, the founding king of the Danes, and his great lineage, leading up to Hrothgar's reign. After building Heorot, a grand mead-hall, Hrothgar faces despair as Grendel attacks nightly, slaughtering his warriors. Word of Hrothgar's plight reaches Beowulf, who decides to journey to the Danes with a band of fourteen warriors to confront Grendel. The scene is set for a monumental clash between the might of Beowulf and the terror of Grendel, emphasizing the values of strength, courage, and honor that define the epic tradition.
Embers, Complete
Gilbert Parker
Embers, Complete
"Embers, Complete" by Gilbert Parker is a poetic collection, likely written in the early 20th century. The work captures themes of love, memory, and nature through evocative verse, illustrating the beauty and complexities of human experience. The collection showcases various characters and sentiments, from reflections on lost love to the joys of youth, all presented with a lyrical quality that invites readers to delve into Parker's world. The opening of "Embers, Complete" introduces readers to a preface and a proem, setting a reflective and nostalgic tone. Parker expresses initial reluctance to publish the collection but is swayed by friends’ encouragement, indicating that these poems stem from personal memories and emotions. The proem features a dialogue with an angel about the value of memory, suggesting that the author considers personal experience and remembrance essential to the human condition. Following this, the poem "Rosleen" and several others unfold, weaving tales of love, loss, and longing, contributing to a rich tapestry that celebrates the poet's past while pondering the permanence of memory.
The Odyssey Rendered into English prose for the use of those who cannot read the original
Homer
The Odyssey Rendered into English prose for the use of those who cannot read the original
"The Odyssey" by Homer is an ancient Greek epic composed around the 8th or 7th century BC. It follows Odysseus, king of Ithaca, on his perilous ten-year journey home after the Trojan War. While he battles monsters and loses all his crewmates, his wife Penelope and son Telemachus face aggressive suitors at home who presume him dead. This foundational work of Western literature explores themes of homecoming, wandering, and loyalty through a tale of extraordinary adventure and perseverance.
The divine comedy
Dante Alighieri
The divine comedy
"The divine comedy" by Dante Alighieri is an Italian narrative poem written between 1308 and 1321. The work follows Dante's journey through the three realms of the afterlife: Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. Guided by the poet Virgil and his idealized woman Beatrice, Dante encounters souls receiving divine justice based on their earthly actions. The poem allegorically represents the soul's journey toward God through recognition of sin, penance, and spiritual ascent, drawing on medieval Catholic theology and philosophy.
The Ballad of the White Horse
G. K. (Gilbert Keith) Chesterton
The Ballad of the White Horse
"The Ballad of the White Horse" by G. K. Chesterton is a poem published in 1911. Written in traditional epic ballad form, it tells the story of Saxon King Alfred the Great's struggle against invading Danes. Hiding on a river island after near-defeat, Alfred receives a vision from the Virgin Mary. He gathers Catholic chieftains, infiltrates the enemy camp disguised as a minstrel, and leads his outnumbered forces to the climactic Battle of Ethandun, where faith and valor collide.
The Iliad
Homer
The Iliad
"The Iliad" by Homer is an ancient Greek epic poem composed around the late 8th or early 7th century BC. Set during the final weeks of the ten-year Trojan War, it follows the devastating anger of Achilles, the greatest Greek warrior, sparked by a bitter quarrel with King Agamemnon. As pride and wrath collide, the conflict escalates from personal dispute to battlefield tragedy, culminating in the death of Troy's champion, Hector. Gods intervene, heroes clash, and the fate of nations hangs in the balance.
隨園詩話
Mei Yuan
隨園詩話
"隨園詩話" by Yuan Mei is a collection of essays on poetics and criticism written in the 18th century. The book explores the nuances of poetry, the nature of artistic expression, and the interplay of personal experience with artistic creation. It offers insights into various poetic styles and the importance of emotional authenticity, making it a rich resource for understanding traditional Chinese poetry. At the start of the text, the author presents reflections on the ambitions and struggles of historical figures, suggesting that great aspirations often emerge from humble beginnings. He discusses the contrasting circumstances of famous poets and their moods during different periods in their lives, emphasizing the impact of personal experiences on their artistic output. This opening establishes a contemplative tone, engaging readers with the interplay of character, aspiration, and the essence of poetry, laying the groundwork for the critical discussions that follow.
Paradise Lost
John Milton
Paradise Lost
"Paradise Lost" by John Milton is an epic poem published in 1667. It retells the biblical story of humanity's fall: Satan's rebellion against God, his banishment to Hell, and his vengeful plot to corrupt God's newest creation—mankind. Through the temptation of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, Milton explores themes of free will, obedience, and moral consequence. The poem features one of literature's most complex villains and ends with humanity's expulsion from Paradise, yet offers hope for redemption.
The Lady of the Lake
Walter Scott
The Lady of the Lake
"The Lady of the Lake" by Walter Scott is a narrative poem first published in 1810. Set in the Scottish Highlands, it weaves together three dramatic plots: a romantic rivalry among three men vying for Ellen Douglas's love, a conflict between an exiled noble and King James V of Scotland, and a brewing war between Lowland and Highland forces. This influential work unfolds across six cantos, each capturing a single day's action in the wild Trossachs region, where love, loyalty, and ancient feuds collide.
Songs of Innocence and of Experience
William Blake
Songs of Innocence and of Experience
"Songs of Innocence and of Experience" by William Blake is a collection of illustrated poems combined in 1794. Blake hand-engraved, printed, and colored unique artwork to accompany each poem, exploring childhood innocence and experience as contrary states of the human soul. Originally published as separate volumes, the combined work shows pastoral harmony alongside subtle dangers of naiveté. Each page features distinctive illustrations that intensify the poems' meanings, making Blake's vision inseparable from both visual art and verse. The collection became a hallmark of Romanticism and has inspired countless musical adaptations.
Leaves of Grass
Walt Whitman
Leaves of Grass
"Leaves of Grass" by Walt Whitman is a poetry collection first published in 1855. Beginning with just twelve poems, Whitman continuously revised and expanded this work throughout his life, eventually creating a collection of over four hundred poems. He celebrates American democracy, nature, the human body, and sensual pleasure in verse that breaks traditional rules of rhyme and meter. The book's explicit content sparked controversy and condemnation, yet it ultimately became recognized as one of the central works of American poetry.
The Works of Edgar Allan Poe — Volume 1
Edgar Allan Poe
The Works of Edgar Allan Poe — Volume 1
"The Works of Edgar Allan Poe — Volume 1" by Edgar Allan Poe is a collection of various literary works, likely written in the mid-19th century. This volume presents a comprehensive look at Poe’s contributions to the genres of horror, mystery, and poetry, showcasing his unique ability to navigate themes of melancholy and the supernatural. This collection includes not only the celebrated tales such as "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" and "The Tell-Tale Heart," but also illuminating prefaces and analyses of his life and works, inviting readers to delve into the mind of one of America's most iconic writers. The beginning of this volume contains a preface, touching upon Poe's life, struggles, and literary achievements, and it sets the tone for the exploration of his works. Notably, it includes reflections on his early life, detailing his adoption by John Allan, his education, and his tumultuous relationships, as well as mentions of his formative experiences and the challenges he faced in his literary career. The opening gives readers insight into the origins of works that blend the macabre with the poetic, suggesting that Poe's life experiences deeply influenced his storytelling. Moreover, it serves as an introduction to the themes of despair, beauty, and complexity that define his body of work, preparing readers for the profound explorations ahead.
The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII
Ovid
The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII
"The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII" by Ovid is a Latin narrative poem written in 8 CE. This masterwork chronicles the history of the world from creation to Julius Caesar's deification through over 250 transformation myths. Spanning themes from divine comedy to vengeful gods and passionate love, the poem defies simple classification as it shifts between tones and stories. With gods humiliated by Cupid and mortals elevated above the divine, Ovid inverts the expected order, making transformation itself the constant in a world where nothing remains unchanged.
Don Juan
George Gordon Byron Byron
Don Juan
"Don Juan" by Baron George Gordon Byron is a satirical epic poem written between 1819 and 1824. This unfinished work reimagines the legendary Spanish seducer as a young man easily seduced by women rather than the traditional womanizer. Told across sixteen cantos in ottava rima verse, the poem follows Juan's adventures from a scandalous affair in Seville through shipwreck, slavery, war, and romance across Europe and Russia. Byron's bold satire of social conventions and public figures sparked controversy upon publication, cementing its place as a daring literary masterpiece.
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
George Gordon Byron Byron
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
"Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" by Lord Byron is a long narrative poem published between 1812 and 1818. It follows a young man disillusioned with a life of pleasure as he travels through Europe seeking distraction in foreign lands. From Spain and Portugal to Greece, the battlefield of Waterloo, and Italy, Harold encounters natural beauty and historic sites while falling into melancholic reverie. The poem became wildly popular, establishing the archetype of the wandering Byronic hero and powerfully influencing European Romanticism across literature, music, and painting.
Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell
Dante Alighieri
Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell
"Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell" by Dante Alighieri is an epic poem composed in the 14th century. This work is a complex allegorical narrative that explores the themes of sin, redemption, and the soul's quest for divine justice. The protagonist, Dante himself, embarks on a perilous journey through the realms of Hell, guided by the Roman poet Virgil. At the start of the Inferno, Dante finds himself lost in a dark forest, symbolizing confusion and the recognition of his own sinfulness. As he attempts to ascend a mountain representing salvation, he is blocked by three wild beasts, each emblematic of different vices. In his despair, Dante encounters Virgil, who offers to guide him through Hell and eventually to Paradise, motivated by the intercession of Beatrice, Dante's beloved. The opening sets a tone of reflection and fear while establishing Dante's desire for enlightenment and redemption, making it a compelling beginning to his profound exploration of morality and the afterlife.
The Works of Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven Edition Table Of Contents And Index Of The Five Volumes
Edgar Allan Poe
The Works of Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven Edition Table Of Contents And Index Of The Five Volumes
"The Works of Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven Edition" by Edgar Allan Poe is a comprehensive collection of his literary output, likely compiled in the late 19th century. This collection spans various genres, including poetry, essays, and gothic tales, showcasing Poe's distinctive style and exploration of themes like love, death, and the macabre. The book presents significant works such as "The Raven," "The Tell-Tale Heart," "The Fall of the House of Usher," and many others, illustrating Poe's profound influence on American literature and his mastery of suspense and psychological depth. At the start of this collection, the reader is introduced to a preface that sets the stage for understanding Poe's life and literary journey, giving insights into the struggles he faced, both personally and professionally. The subsequent sections outline key works and achievements in his career, detailing his early poetry, notable prose tales, and his lasting impact on both poetry and fiction. The opening expresses deep admiration for Poe's unique genius, highlighting the interplay between his troubled life and his art, thus creating an engaging entry point for readers new to Poe's work or revisiting it with a fresh perspective.
Sonnets from the Portuguese
Elizabeth Barrett Browning
Sonnets from the Portuguese
"Sonnets from the Portuguese" by Elizabeth Barrett Browning is a collection of 44 love sonnets written around 1845–1846 and published in 1850. Despite the title, these deeply personal poems are Browning's own work, not translations. The collection includes some of the most famous lines in English poetry, particularly Sonnet 43's opening: "How do I love thee? Let me count the ways." Initially hesitant to share such intimate verses, Browning published them under a misleading title to preserve privacy, creating an enduring masterpiece of romantic poetry.
The Home Book of Verse — Volume 2
Burton Egbert Stevenson
The Home Book of Verse — Volume 2
"The Home Book of Verse — Volume 2" by Burton Egbert Stevenson is a collection of poetry likely compiled in the early 20th century. This anthology features a rich variety of poems that center around the theme of love, showcasing the influence of historical and contemporary poets. Through various styles, the collection captures the essence of romantic and passionate experiences, offering readers a glimpse into the multifaceted nature of love. The opening of this volume introduces a selection of poems that explore love in its many forms, from the philosophical musings of Ralph Waldo Emerson to playful verses by poets such as Walter Raleigh and Shakespeare. Each piece reflects on the complexities and nuances of love, often employing vivid imagery and emotional depth. Stevenson presents these works in a way that appeals both to the heart and intellectual curiosity, prompting readers to contemplate the nature of love while engaging with the beauty of poetic expression.
Paradise Lost
John Milton
Paradise Lost
"Paradise Lost" by John Milton is an epic poem published in 1667. It retells the biblical story of humanity's fall: Satan's rebellion against God, his expulsion to Hell, and his vengeful plot to corrupt God's newest creation—mankind. Through the temptation of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, Milton explores profound themes of free will, disobedience, and redemption. The poem features one of literature's most complex villains in Satan, while seeking to "justify the ways of God to men."
The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
William Blake
The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell" by William Blake is a book composed between 1790 and 1793. This provocative work imitates biblical prophecy while expressing Blake's radical beliefs during the French Revolution. Blake reimagines Hell not as punishment but as a source of vital energy, challenging conventional morality and organized religion. The work features his famous "Proverbs of Hell"—paradoxical sayings designed to energize thought. Blake argues that contraries like reason and energy, good and evil, are essential to human existence and progression, creating a deliberately unified vision where Heaven and Hell must coexist.
Spenser's The Faerie Queene, Book I
Edmund Spenser
Spenser's The Faerie Queene, Book I
"Spenser's The Faerie Queene, Book I" by Edmund Spenser is an epic poem first published in 1590. This opening book follows the Redcrosse Knight on a quest embodying the virtue of Holiness. Separated from his lady Una through deception, the knight falls into captivity and despair. Una perseveres through countless dangers to rescue him, leading to his recovery and ultimate test: defeating a dragon. Written as allegory praising Queen Elizabeth I, the poem explores virtue through knights' adventures while operating on multiple symbolic levels.
Erotica Romana
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Erotica Romana
"Erotica Romana" by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is a collection of 24 elegiac poems written during the late 18th century. The work draws inspiration from classical Roman poets such as Tibullus and Catullus, exploring themes of love, desire, and beauty within the scenic backdrop of Rome. The text is characterized by a sensuous and introspective tone, reflecting Goethe's experiences and contemplations during his time in Italy. The poems within "Erotica Romana" present a rich tapestry of romantic exploration, featuring a narrator who navigates both the physical and emotional landscapes of love. The speaker waxes poetic about the charms of his beloved, recounts the pleasures of their clandestine encounters, and contemplates the nature of passion itself. The narrative oscillates between idealization and earthly desire, intertwining mythological references with personal reflection. Through vivid imagery and lyrical language, Goethe captures the intoxicating essence of love, revealing the complexities of attraction while celebrating the joys of intimate connection.
Poems by Emily Dickinson, Three Series, Complete
Emily Dickinson
Poems by Emily Dickinson, Three Series, Complete
"Poems by Emily Dickinson, Three Series, Complete" by Emily Dickinson is a collection of poetry likely written during the mid-19th century. This compilation showcases the unique voice of Dickinson, who is known for her introspective and innovative approach to themes of life, nature, love, and death. The poems encapsulate profound insights delivered with a distinct style that defies conventional poetic structures, often employing unconventional punctuation and slant rhymes. The opening of this collection begins with a preface that offers context for Dickinson's reclusive nature, emphasizing that her poetry was created for personal expression rather than public consumption. As we delve into the initial poems, we encounter themes of identity and existential reflection. The early verses introduce the idea of subjective experience, as Dickinson grapples with concepts of success and the bittersweet essence of longing. Throughout her work, one can feel the tension between her isolation and acute observation of the world around her, revealing a rich tapestry of emotion and thought that invites readers into her unique perspective.
The Prophet
Kahlil Gibran
The Prophet
"The Prophet" by Kahlil Gibran is a book of 26 prose poetry fables published in 1923. When the prophet Almustafa prepares to leave the city of Orphalese after twelve years, the people gather to hear his farewell wisdom. He speaks on fundamental aspects of human existence—love, marriage, children, work, freedom, joy, sorrow, death, and more. This spiritual guide has become one of the most translated and bestselling books of all time, never going out of print since its original publication.
Twas the Night before Christmas: A Visit from St. Nicholas
Clement Clarke Moore
Twas the Night before Christmas: A Visit from St. Nicholas
"'Twas the Night before Christmas: A Visit from St. Nicholas" by Clement Clarke Moore is a poem first published anonymously in 1823. On Christmas Eve, a father witnesses a magical visitor arrive by sleigh and reindeer, bounding down the chimney to deliver presents and fill stockings. This beloved work transformed American ideas about Santa Claus and Christmas gift-giving, though its authorship sparked controversy between Moore and Henry Livingston Jr. The poem has been called "arguably the best-known verses ever written by an American."
The Iliad
Homer
The Iliad
"The Iliad" by Homer is an ancient Greek epic poem composed around the late 8th or early 7th century BC. Set during the final weeks of the ten-year Trojan War, it follows the devastating anger of Achilles, the greatest Greek warrior. After a bitter quarrel with King Agamemnon over honor and pride, Achilles withdraws from battle, setting off a chain of tragic events. The poem weaves together fierce combat, divine intervention by the Olympian gods, and intimate human moments, exploring themes of glory, fate, and wrath as it builds toward its climactic conclusion.
The Canterbury Tales, and Other Poems
Geoffrey Chaucer
The Canterbury Tales, and Other Poems
"The Canterbury Tales, and Other Poems" by Geoffrey Chaucer is a collection of stories written chiefly from 1387 to 1400. A group of pilgrims journey to Canterbury, each tasked with telling tales along the way. Held together by this frame story, the work remains unfinished—fewer than a quarter of the projected tales were completed before Chaucer's death. The intended order of the tales is uncertain, with various arrangements appearing across different manuscripts.
The Poems of Giacomo Leopardi
Giacomo Leopardi
The Poems of Giacomo Leopardi
"The Poems of Giacomo Leopardi" by Giacomo Leopardi is a collection of poems written in 1835. Considered one of the most significant works of Italian poetry, this collection traces the poet's evolution from patriotic laments for Italy's fallen glory to profound philosophical meditations on existence. Through iconic verses like "L'Infinito" and dramatic monologues featuring tragic figures such as Brutus and Sappho, Leopardi explores themes of mortality, illusion, and humanity's confrontation with an indifferent universe, crafting beauty from despair.
Old Spookses' Pass, Malcolm's Katie, and other poems
Isabella Valancy Crawford
Old Spookses' Pass, Malcolm's Katie, and other poems
"Old Spookses' Pass, Malcolm's Katie, and Other Poems" by Isabella Valancy Crawford is a collection of poetry written during the late 19th century, reflecting themes of nature, love, and the rugged life of the settlers in the Canadian wilderness. The poems often explore the lives and experiences of characters navigating both the physical landscape of the Rockies and the emotional terrain of human relationships, particularly in their ties to home and each other. The opening portion of the collection introduces a narrative poem titled "Old Spookses' Pass," which captures a vividly detailed scene of cowboys camping in a remote area, contemplating their surroundings and the challenges they face. The poem conveys a sense of frontier life, with the speaker observing the vastness of the land, the lurking dangers, and the camaraderie among the men. As the night unfolds, there is a palpable tension in the air, hinting at the unknown threats that await and the connection between man and nature. The initial verses set the tone for an adventurous and reflective journey through the wilderness, blending personal introspection with the grandeur of the natural world.
India's Love Lyrics
Laurence Hope
India's Love Lyrics
"India's Love Lyrics" by Laurence Hope is a collection of lyric poetry published in 1901. Written by Adela Florence Nicolson under a male pseudonym, the poems were presented as translations from Indian poets. Drawing on imagery from North-West Frontier poets and Persian Sufi traditions, the verses explore themes of unrequited love and loss. Initially praised by prominent poets including Thomas Hardy, the collection sparked debate about authenticity before being revealed as original Western works inspired by Sufi poetry.
The Aeneid
Virgil
The Aeneid
"The Aeneid" by Virgil is a Latin epic poem written between 29 and 19 BC. It follows Aeneas, a Trojan hero who flees the fall of Troy and journeys to Italy, where he becomes the ancestor of the Romans. The first half chronicles his perilous wanderings across the Mediterranean, while the second depicts a brutal war against the Latins. Virgil transforms ancient legends into Rome's founding myth, connecting the empire to Troy's glory and legitimizing Roman power through divine ancestry and traditional virtues.
The Song Celestial; Or, Bhagavad-Gîtâ (from the Mahâbhârata) Being a discourse between Arjuna, Prince of India, and the Supreme Being under the form of Krishna
Unknown
The Song Celestial; Or, Bhagavad-Gîtâ (from the Mahâbhârata) Being a discourse between Arjuna, Prince of India, and the Supreme Being under the form of Krishna
"The Song Celestial; Or, Bhagavad-Gîtâ (from the Mahâbhârata)" by Sir Edwin Arnold is a poetic translation published in 1885. This English rendering of the ancient Sanskrit text presents a dialogue between Krishna, an incarnation of the Divine, and Prince Arjuna. Krishna instructs Arjuna on duty and liberation through right action as they face an eternal battle between right and wrong, wisdom and ignorance. This translation profoundly influenced Mahatma Gandhi, who called it the best English version he encountered.
The Rape of the Lock, and Other Poems
Alexander Pope
The Rape of the Lock, and Other Poems
"The Rape of the Lock, and Other Poems" by Alexander Pope is a mock-heroic narrative poem first published in 1712. This celebrated example of high burlesque transforms a trivial social incident—a nobleman secretly snipping a lock of a young lady's hair—into an elaborate epic parody complete with supernatural guardians and classical conventions. Pope treats the ensuing family feud with wit and elegance, elevating drawing-room drama to mythological proportions while gently satirizing the vanities and sensibilities of eighteenth-century aristocratic society.
The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: The Inferno
Dante Alighieri
The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: The Inferno
"The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: The Inferno" by Dante Alighieri is a narrative poem written in the 14th century. A fictionalized Dante finds himself lost in a dark forest, blocked by three threatening beasts. The Roman poet Virgil arrives to guide him on an extraordinary journey through Hell's nine concentric circles. Each circle punishes sinners in ways that mirror their earthly crimes. As they descend deeper into this realm of torment, Dante must confront the recognition and rejection of sin itself.
Poems and Songs of Robert Burns
Robert Burns
Poems and Songs of Robert Burns
"Poems and Songs of Robert Burns" by Robert Burns is a comprehensive collection of poetry and lyrics written in the late 18th century. The collection showcases the works of the Scottish bard, touching upon themes of love, nature, social issues, and personal reflection. It offers insights into Burns' life experiences and sentiments, presenting a vivid portrayal of rural Scottish life and culture through both his observations and emotional expressions. The opening of this volume features various poems and songs that reflect Burns' mastery of the Scottish dialect and his ability to convey deep emotions. It begins with an introductory note providing context about Burns' life, his struggles, and poetic development. Following this, readers are greeted with imaginative and heartfelt works, such as the endearing "Handsome Nell" and the melancholic "I Dream’d I Lay," which articulate themes of love and longing. The early listings also include playful and satirical remarks on social situations, setting the tone for the rich variety of poetic forms and styles that Burns was known for. Overall, the beginning of the collection lays a solid foundation for an enriching exploration of heartfelt lyrics and poignant poetry that resonates with human experience.
Modern Spanish Lyrics
Unknown
Modern Spanish Lyrics
"Modern Spanish Lyrics" by E. C. Hills and S. Griswold Morley is a scholarly collection of Spanish poetry designed for American students, likely compiled in the early 20th century. The work aims to provide a curated selection of Castilian lyrics that are both accessible and of notable literary value, touching upon themes and styles relevant to students of the Spanish language. While renowned poets from Spain's Golden Age are included, the collection emphasizes 19th-century works, reflecting a shift toward more contemporary thoughts and language. The opening of the volume presents a preface outlining its purpose and structure, highlighting that the poems are organized both chronologically and by region, with a focus on the poetic traditions of Spain and Spanish America. It acknowledges limitations in selecting works, allowing for significant 19th-century contributors while intentionally omitting some of the more famous, yet less engaging, poets from earlier periods. The editors express gratitude to various scholars and poets who contributed to the project, setting a tone of academic collaboration and dedication to fostering an appreciation of lyrical poetry among students.
Aeneidos
Virgil
Aeneidos
"Aeneidos" by Virgil is a Latin epic poem written between 29 and 19 BC. It tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan hero who flees the fall of Troy and journeys to Italy, where he becomes the ancestor of the Romans. The first half chronicles his perilous wanderings across the Mediterranean, while the second half depicts the Trojans' war against the Latins. This founding myth connects Rome to the legends of Troy and glorifies traditional Roman virtues.
Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol
Oscar Wilde
Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol
"Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol" by Oscar Wilde is a collection of poetry written during the late 19th century. This work encompasses various themes, from love and beauty to social justice and the human condition, reflecting Wilde’s keen observations and exquisite literary style. The poems feature a range of subjects, including personal emotions, political reflections, and intricate imagery, showcasing his distinctive voice and artistry. The opening of this collection introduces readers to Wilde's lyrical prowess through a series of poignant verses. The first poem, "Hélas!", reflects a sense of melancholic reflection on lost wisdom and the passage of time. It explores themes of personal struggle and longing for deeper meaning. Following this, "Eleutheria" contains verses that engage with concepts of liberty and the dichotomy of love and pain, hinting at Wilde's complex relationship with societal ideals and personal desires. As the reader progresses through the text, they are invited into a world where the beauty of nature, the tragedy of loss, and the quest for identity intertwine beautifully, setting the stage for the rich and multifaceted poems that follow.
Florante at Laura
Francisco Balagtas
Florante at Laura
"Florante at Laura" by Francisco Balagtas is an awit written in 1838. This Tagalog epic follows Florante, a nobleman who excels in his studies but faces deadly jealousy from his rival Adolfo. After heroic battles defending kingdoms, Florante returns home only to be betrayed and exiled to the forest. There he meets Aladin, a Persian prince with his own tale of forbidden love and banishment. Their intertwined stories of loyalty, treachery, and romance unfold through reunions and revelations that will determine the fate of kingdoms.
The Angel in the House
Coventry Patmore
The Angel in the House
"The Angel in the House" by Coventry Patmore is a narrative poem first published in 1854 and expanded until 1862. The work chronicles Felix Vaughan's courtship of Honoria Churchill through short lyrics and reflections on ideal femininity, set against a rival suitor's pursuit. Later installments follow the rejected suitor's struggle to overcome his lingering feelings and find devotion to his own wife. The poem became culturally significant for defining Victorian feminine ideals and the doctrine of separate spheres, later attracting feminist critique for its depiction of submissive, selfless womanhood.
Pan Tadeusz; or, The last foray in Lithuania a story of life among Polish gentlefolk in the years 1811 and 1812
Adam Mickiewicz
Pan Tadeusz; or, The last foray in Lithuania a story of life among Polish gentlefolk in the years 1811 and 1812
"Pan Tadeusz; or, The Last Foray in Lithuania" by Adam Mickiewicz is an epic poem written in the early 19th century. The narrative unfolds against the backdrop of Polish gentlemen in Lithuania during the years 1811 and 1812, intertwining themes of nostalgia, national identity, and romanticism. The central characters include Thaddeus Soplica, a young gentleman returning home after his studies, and Jacek Soplica, his father, whose complex past weaves into the larger fabric of the tale. The opening of the story introduces us to the lush, pastoral landscape of Lithuania, where Thaddeus Soplica arrives at his family estate after a long absence. Filled with emotion, he reminisces about his childhood home, adorned with familiar sights and memories. As he explores his old mansion, he senses a mysterious presence and encounters a beautiful girl, hinting at the romantic developments to come. The ambiance is rich with tradition and local customs, setting the stage for the upcoming gatherings of family and friends, as well as the brewing tensions between the Soplica family and their neighbors amidst the larger political unrest in Europe. The opening establishes a poignant tone of longing for home and highlights the cultural nuances of the Polish gentry.
Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica
Hesiod
Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica
"Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica" by Hesiod is a collection of ancient Greek poetry that includes works attributed to both Hesiod and Homer, likely compiled during the 8th to 7th century BC. This anthology features major pieces such as "Works and Days" and "The Theogony," focusing on themes of morality, the origins of the gods, and practical wisdom for daily living, reflecting a time when poetry was a fundamental way of preserving cultural knowledge and ethics. The opening section of the work presents an overview of several key poems, specifically highlighting "Works and Days." It begins with an invocation to the Muses, followed by an exploration of the dualities of Strife—one that encourages productive competition and another that fosters chaos and conflict. The narrative sets the stage for moral teachings, including justice, the importance of hard work, and the consequences of wrongful actions. The figure of Perses, Hesiod's brother, emerges as a focal point for these teachings, representing the everyman in a struggle against idleness and the transgressions of human nature. The combination of cosmological themes with practical advice provides a rich context for understanding ancient Greek thought.
Chaucer's Works, Volume 4 — The Canterbury Tales
Geoffrey Chaucer
Chaucer's Works, Volume 4 — The Canterbury Tales
"Chaucer's Works, Volume 4 — The Canterbury Tales" by Geoffrey Chaucer is a collection of stories written chiefly from 1387 to 1400. A group of pilgrims embarks on a journey to Canterbury, each intending to tell two tales on the way there and two returning. Chaucer completed fewer than a quarter of these projected tales before his death. The stories' intended order remains uncertain, with various manuscripts presenting different arrangements of this unfinished medieval masterpiece.
The Flowers of Evil
Charles Baudelaire
The Flowers of Evil
"The Flowers of Evil" by Charles Baudelaire is a volume of French poetry first published in 1857. This groundbreaking collection broke with tradition through suggestive imagery and unusual forms, exploring themes of decadence, eroticism, suffering, and death. Six poems were censored for immorality, and Baudelaire was prosecuted for insulting public decency. Despite—or perhaps because of—its controversy, the work became a cornerstone of the symbolist and modernist movements, profoundly influencing French poetry and earning recognition as a major literary achievement.
The Rámáyan of Válmíki, translated into English verse
Valmiki
The Rámáyan of Válmíki, translated into English verse
"The Rámáyan of Válmíki," translated into English verse by Ralph T. H. Griffith, is an epic poem that retells the ancient Indian narrative originally attributed to the sage Válmíki, likely composed in an early period of Indian literature. The text focuses on the life and adventures of Prince Ráma, who embarks on a journey of duty, love, and conflict after being exiled from his kingdom due to a series of treacherous royal intrigues. The narrative encompasses themes of righteousness, devotion, and the nature of good versus evil, featuring key figures such as Ráma, Lakshman, and Sítá. The opening of this monumental work begins with an invocation praising Válmíki and highlights the essential virtues of Ráma. It introduces the key themes of heroism and virtue, as well as setting the stage for the conflict that follows Ráma's banishment. Following the initial poetic praise, the narrative portrays Ráma's life in the royal city of Ayodhyá, the impending tragedy of his exile orchestrated by Kaikeyí's jealousy, and the deep bond of loyalty between him and his brother Lakshman, who chooses to accompany him into exile. This introduction deftly establishes the initial conflict and Ráma's character while foreshadowing the trials he will face, igniting the reader's interest in this timeless tale of love, honor, and sacrifice.
Belford's Magazine, Vol 2, December 1888
Various
Belford's Magazine, Vol 2, December 1888
"Belford's Magazine, Vol 2, December 1888" by Various is a periodical publication comprised of a diverse collection of literary and informative articles, short stories, and poetry typical of the late 19th century. This volume features multiple contributors covering a wide array of topics, from fictional narratives to social commentary, reflecting the cultural and societal sentiments of the time. The magazine offers readers an intriguing glimpse into the literary tastes and concerns of the late Victorian era. The opening portion of the magazine introduces a tale called "A Christmas Round-Robin," which centers around the emotional turmoil of Malcolm Rutherford and his wife, Edna, in the days leading up to Christmas. As Malcolm faces both marital strife due to Edna's jealousy and the impending arrival of unexpected dinner guests—including a woman weighing on his conscience—tension builds between them. The narrative unfolds amidst a backdrop of secrets, miscommunications, and the complexities of relationships, exploring themes of trust, deception, and the pursuit of happiness during the festive season. The initial interactions set the stage for misunderstandings that will likely complicate their holiday festivities, leading to dramatic reveals and character development throughout the story.