Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Laocoon : $b An essay upon the limits of painting and poetry. With remarks illustrative of various points in the history of ancient art.
"Laocoon: An Essay upon the Limits of Painting and Poetry" by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing is a philosophical treatise that explores the relationship between visual art and poetry, likely written in the late 18th century. This work delves into how painting and poetry differ in their representation of beauty and effects on the audience's emotions. Lessing examines the ancient figure of Laocoon to illustrate his points, addressing themes of expression, beauty, and the limitations inherent in each art form." The opening of "Laocoon" lays the groundwork for Lessing’s critique of previous artistic interpretations, particularly regarding the expressions of suffering in works of art versus those in poetry. He introduces the idea that both painting and poetry create unique illusions of presence, yet they evoke feelings through different means; painting relies on visual representation while poetry operates through description and narrative. Citing examples of classical art and literature, he emphasizes the idea that beauty must predominate in visual art, even when depicting intense emotions like pain. Lessing sets the stage for a deeper analysis of artistic expression and its implications for understanding human experience, particularly through the application of the Laocoon myth as a central case study.