Subject
Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1660-1688 Books
Best books
William Petty
A Treatise of Taxes and Contributions Shewing the nature and measures of crown-lands, assessements, customs, poll-moneys, lotteries, benevolence, penalties, monopolies, offices, tythes, raising of coins, harth-money, excize, &c.; with several intersperst discourses and digressions concerning warres, the church, universities, rents & purchases, usury & exchange, banks & lombards, registries for conveyances, beggars, ensurance, exportation of money [&] wool, free-ports, coins, housing, liberty of conscience, &c.; the same being frequently applied to the present state and affairs of Ireland.
"A Treatise of Taxes and Contributions" by Sir William Petty is a historical treatise written in the 17th century. This work delves into the nature and structure of taxes and contributions within the context of the economy and governance of England and Ireland. It examines various fiscal mechanisms, including land tax, customs, excise, and state expenditures, while also discussing the socio-political implications of taxation. The opening of the treatise introduces the author's perspective on the necessity of tax regulation, especially in Ireland, which was under English governance at the time. Petty describes the fiscal burdens a military presence imposes on a vulnerable populace and suggests regulatory reforms for parish structures. He emphasizes the need for understanding the economic exchanges and wealth distribution to ameliorate the conditions affecting taxation and public policy, thereby establishing a foundation for his subsequent arguments regarding efficient tax structures and public funding. The preface reveals Petty's intentions to provide a comprehensive assessment that may contribute to the efficiently of governance and the welfare of the populace, particularly in the context of Irish stability.
Roger L'Estrange
Selections from the Observator (1681-1687)
"Selections from the Observator" by Sir Roger L'Estrange is a collection of political writings that captures the essence of late 17th-century journalism. Written during the Restoration period, it serves as a reflection of the turbulent political climate in England and showcases L'Estrange's role as a staunch Royalist and critic of dissent. The work primarily addresses the political controversies of its time, particularly the issues surrounding the Whigs, Dissenters, and the aftereffects of the Popish Plot. The opening of the text introduces the reader to the context and objectives of the "Observator." L'Estrange presents himself as the author who aims to clarify the misinformation and malignity spread by various factions in society, particularly targeting Dissenters and opponents of the monarchy. The dialogue format used allows for an engaging exploration of conflicting opinions and fosters a satirical discussion of contemporary issues such as religion, governance, and civil unrest. Through this structure, L'Estrange not only seeks to defend the monarchy but also to engage the public in a discourse that probes the sincerity and motives behind political opposition in his era.
John Dryden
His Majesties Declaration Defended
"His Majesties Declaration Defended" by John Dryden is a political pamphlet written in the late 17th century, specifically in 1681. This work is a defense against anti-royalist sentiments prevalent at the time and is set against the backdrop of the political turmoil involving King Charles II, Catholics, and the Whig opposition. It seeks to clarify and justify the king's declarations and actions regarding the dissolution of the last two parliaments, arguing for the legitimacy of monarchy in the face of rising dissent. In this tract, Dryden addresses specific critiques of the King's declaration and systematically refutes the arguments of his opponents. He emphasizes the need for understanding the King's intentions and the importance of public order over factionalism. Dryden articulates that the King is portrayed as a benevolent leader who is misrepresented by his political adversaries. Through a series of point-by-point rebuttals, he aims to reassure the public of the monarchy's stability and the discrediting of the seditious claims made by the Whigs, ultimately advocating for loyalty to the crown and a return to harmony in the commonwealth.
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