Subject
Hugo, Victor, 1802-1885 -- Criticism and interpretation Books
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Algernon Charles Swinburne
Victor Hugo
"Victor Hugo" by Algernon Charles Swinburne is a biographical study written in the late 19th century. This work delves into the life and literary contributions of Victor Hugo, one of France's most revered poets, novelists, and playwrights. The text reflects on Hugo's vast body of work while positioning him as a transformative figure in literature and society, detailing both his poetic genius and his passionate advocacy for social justice. The opening of this biographical account sets the stage by contrasting the public response to the deaths of two great literary figures: Shakespeare and Hugo. Swinburne passionately describes how the world mourned Hugo's passing in 1885, highlighting his role as not only a poet but also a healer and champion for the downtrodden. The text introduces Hugo’s early life, revealing his precocious talent in poetry and drama while indicating the breadth and depth of his creative output, including significant works like "Cromwell" and "Notre-Dame de Paris." As Swinburne elaborates on Hugo's character and contributions, the reader gains an understanding of the profound influence he wielded as a literary figure and social advocate in the 19th century.
Théophile Gautier
Victor Hugo
"Victor Hugo" by Théophile Gautier is a literature-focused memoir written in the early 20th century. The text reflects on the life and impact of Victor Hugo, framed within the context of the Romantic literary movement in France. It particularly highlights the tumultuous atmosphere surrounding the first performances of Hugo's plays, especially "Hernani," and the passionate debates between the Romantic and classical schools. The opening of the memoir immerses readers in the vibrant literary landscape of 1830 Paris, a period characterized by creative effervescence and the resurgence of poetry and art. Gautier recalls excitement and fervor as young artists and poets rallied around Hugo’s works, eagerly anticipating the premiere of "Hernani." With vivid descriptions, he paints a picture of his youthful ambitions, the camaraderie among artists in their struggle against classical norms, and their overwhelming admiration for Hugo, whom they regarded as a champion of their cause. As Gautier navigates his experiences leading up to and during the revolutionary premiere, he conveys the intense emotions of both anticipation and fear that defined that pivotal moment in literary history.
Ernest Dupuy
Victor Hugo, son oeuvre poétique
"Victor Hugo, son œuvre poétique" by Ernest Dupuy is a biographical study written in the late 19th century. This work delves into the life and poetic contributions of Victor Hugo, one of France's foremost literary figures, examining both his artistic genius and the contextual factors that shaped his career. The book provides insights into Hugo's formative experiences, the influences that guided his poetic voice, and the society in which he wrote. The opening of the book introduces Victor Hugo's early life, detailing significant aspects of his upbringing, such as his birth in Besançon and his relationships with his parents. Dupuy highlights the challenging health issues Hugo faced as a child, illustrating the emotional and practical support from his mother, which instilled in him a profound appreciation for maternal love. The text outlines his father's military background and discusses Hugo's early literary ambitions, including his first poetic attempts and the development of his distinctive style. Through this introduction, the narrative sets the stage for a deeper exploration of Hugo's literary evolution and his eventual acclaim and influence in French literature.
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