Flavius Josephus
Against Apion
"Against Apion" by Flavius Josephus is a work written after 94 CE as a defense of Judaism against Greek and Egyptian criticism. In response to attacks by the Egyptian scholar Apion, Josephus argues for Judaism's antiquity and cultural supremacy in a broader debate among historians claiming their civilizations as the world's oldest. He defends Jewish scripture, refutes accusations including blood libel, and positions Judaism as older and more venerable than Greek traditions.