Subject
Portuguese literature -- 19th century -- History and criticism Books
Best books
Manuel Pinheiro Chagas
Bom-senso e bom-gosto Folhetim a proposito da carta que o senhor Anthero do Quental dirigiu ao senhor Antonio Feliciano de Castilho
"BOM-SENSO E BOM-GOSTO" by Manuel Pinheiro Chagas is a literary folhetim written in the mid-19th century. This work notably addresses a public letter by Anthero do Quental to Antonio Feliciano de Castilho, discussing a critical dispute regarding the literary styles of the time, specifically targeting the Coimbra School of poetry. The author employs sharp wit and sarcasm to critique both the artistic ideals and the style of contemporary poets, highlighting issues of originality and authenticity in literature. In the text, Pinheiro Chagas examines Quental’s defense of his ideals against criticism, dissecting various aspects of Coimbra's literary contributions and their perceived pretentiousness. He paints a vivid picture of the poetic landscape, illustrating a divide between poets who adhere to traditional forms versus those who innovate without substance. The narrative reflects a broader commentary on the conflict between romanticism and realism in Portuguese literature, while also emphasizing the need for genuine expression over affectation. Ultimately, the work stands as a defense of literary clarity and sincerity, celebrating authors who advocate for a more accessible and impactful form of poetry.
Alvaro do Carvalhal
Anthero do Quental, e Ramalho Ortigão
"Anthero do Quental, e Ramalho Ortigão" by Alvaro do Carvalhal is a critical essay written in the mid-19th century. This book examines the literary contributions and characteristics of two prominent Portuguese writers, Anthero do Quental and Ramalho Ortigão, shedding light on their styles and the discussions surrounding their works. It serves as a commentary on literary criticism and the cultural context of the literary scene in Portugal during that era. In the text, Carvalhal presents contrasting views on Anthero do Quental and Ramalho Ortigão. He admires do Quental for his introspective and sincere approach to writing, viewing him as a virtuous voice amidst the superficiality of contemporary society. The author highlights do Quental's dedication to truth and moral integrity, contrasting it with Ortigão's more sardonic and critical style, which satirizes various figures in literary circles. Carvalhal contends that Ortigão's critiques, while sharp and engaging, can often slip into cynicism, overshadowing genuine literary appreciation. The discourse encapsulates the dynamic cultural landscape of 19th-century Portugal, illustrating the tensions between idealism and realism in literature.
Teófilo Braga
As theocracias litterarias Relance sobre o estado actual da litteratura portugueza
"As theocracias litterarias" by Teófilo Braga is a critical examination of Portuguese literature written during the mid-19th century. This literary work discusses the current state of Portuguese literature, addressing the decline of traditional literary authorities and the emergence of individual creativity and expression. Braga's text serves as a reflection on the aesthetics and values that shape literary production in his time. In this book, Braga critiques the established literary figures, such as the poet and critic Castilho, while advocating for a more authentic representation of art that eschews imitation and superficiality. He emphasizes the importance of truth and individual sentiment over adherence to outdated academic standards. Through his analysis, Braga contemplates the broader philosophical implications of art, including the relationship between beauty, nature, and human experience. He argues for a literature that is both meaningful and connected to the realities of modern life, positioning himself against what he perceives to be the "theocratical" dominance of literary elites. The text ultimately champions the values of the Romantic movement, calling for a genuine and heartfelt approach to literature that resonates with the human condition.
Delfim de Brito Guimarães
Theóphilo Braga e a lenda do Crisfal
"Theóphilo Braga e a lenda do Crisfal" by Delfim de Brito Guimarães is a critical analysis written in the early 20th century. The work revolves around the literary figure of Bernardim Ribeiro, specifically addressing the myths and misunderstandings surrounding the pseudonymous poet Crisfal and clarifying Ribeiro's contributions to Portuguese literature. The text sets the stage for a scholarly exploration of the historical literary dispute and the author's aim to correct past misconceptions. The opening of the book introduces a spirited discourse on the identity of the poet Crisfal, arguing that this figure is merely a fictional construct rather than a distinct historical person, as previously believed. It discusses the author's motivation to challenge established literary narratives and the tensions with contemporary literary scholars, particularly Theóphilo Braga, who had asserted the existence of Crisfal as an authentic figure. The text showcases Guimarães' resolve to reclaim the legacy of Bernardim Ribeiro, promoting an understanding of how legends can overshadow factual literary history and emphasizing the need for rigorous historical inquiry in literary studies.
Elmano da Cunha
Carta de Elmano da Cunha em resposta a outra Bom-senso e Bom-gosto, dirigida por Anthero do Quental ao excellentissimo senhor Antonio Feliciano de Castilho, o incomparavel traductor dos fastos de Ovidio, obra em que se faz o confronto de Romulo e Jesus-Christo, offericida ao incomparavel duque de Saldanha
"Carta de Elmano da Cunha em resposta a outra Bom-senso e Bom-gosto, dirigida…" by Elmano da Cunha is a critical letter written in the mid-19th century. The book serves as a polemical response to Anthero do Quental, addressing themes of literary morality and societal values in the context of Portuguese literature. It provides insight into the ideological struggles of its time regarding independence of thought and artistic integrity. In this letter, Elmano da Cunha takes a stand against what he perceives as the decline of moral responsibility and originality in literary circles, particularly emphasizing the role of the University of Coimbra. He critiques various contemporaries, accusing them of pandering to societal pressures and commercial interests at the expense of true artistic expression. Through a passionate and sometimes satirical discourse, the author articulates his belief in the importance of individual moral responsibility in literature, urging writers to transcend the superficiality that he associates with academic and societal expectations. The letter culminates in a defense of free thought and the pursuit of genuine artistic integrity, juxtaposed against the backdrop of a rapidly evolving cultural landscape.
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