Subject
Science -- History Books
Best books
Lynn Thorndike
A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume 2 (of 2) During the First Thirteen Centuries of Our Era
"A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume 2" by Lynn Thorndike is a historical account written in the early 20th century. This volume explores the development of magic and experimental science during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, featuring prominent figures and intellectual movements of the period. The book delves into the relationship between magic, natural sciences, and Christian thought, offering insights into how these subjects were intertwined during medieval times. At the start of this volume, Thorndike introduces key contributors to scholastic theology such as Peter Abelard and Hugh of St. Victor. He discusses the influence of these figures on magic and experimental science, emphasizing their significant roles in the growth of these disciplines. The opening chapter highlights Abelard's thoughts on astrology and the stars, demonstrating the complexities of medieval understanding of natural and supernatural forces. Through a detailed examination of these early scholars, the author sets the stage for a broader discussion on the evolution of thought in the realms of science and magic throughout the upcoming chapters.
Lynn Thorndike
A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume 1 (of 2) During the First Thirteen Centuries of Our Era
"A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume 1" by Lynn Thorndike is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book explores the evolution and interrelationship of magic and experimental science during the first thirteen centuries of our era, particularly focusing on their influence on Christian thought. It aims to illuminate the development of these fields, highlighting their complex ties to cultural and religious practices. The opening of the text sets the foundation for a comprehensive exploration of magic and experimental science, articulating the author's intent to define magic broadly, encompassing occult arts and superstitions. Thorndike emphasizes the significance of understanding magic within the context of historical thought and elaborates on its origins, notably in ancient cultures such as Egypt and Babylon. He suggests that exploring both magic and science together provides a richer understanding of their historical contexts and impact. The introductory chapter lays out the book's scope and methodology, outlining the key themes that will be examined in subsequent chapters.
Museum of History and Technology (U.S.)
Smithsonian Institution - United States National Museum - Bulletin 240 Contributions From the Museum of History and Technology Papers 34-44 on Science and Technology
"Smithsonian Institution - United States National Museum - Bulletin 240" is a scientific publication written in the late 20th century. This volume compiles a selection of papers focusing on various historical and technological contributions showcased by the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of History and Technology. The topics covered include early American automobiles, astronomical clocks, and engineering innovations, providing readers with an insightful glimpse into the evolution of technology in different fields. The opening of this bulletin introduces a comprehensive examination of the 1893 Duryea Automobile, detailing its development by brothers Charles and Frank Duryea as they sought to create a practical self-propelled vehicle. This part narrates the early challenges the brothers faced, including the construction of their first working automobile, and highlights their attempts to innovate the design and functionality of the vehicle. The paper draws on historical accounts and technical descriptions, uncovering the groundwork of American automotive history and offering a detailed look into the initial experiences that shaped the automotive industry.
Unknown
Studies in the History and Method of Science, vol. 1 (of 2)
"Studies in the History and Method of Science, vol. 1 (of 2)" by Singer and Osler is a collection of scholarly essays written in the early 20th century. This work examines the historical development and methodologies of scientific thought, highlighting significant figures and ideas that shaped modern science. The book seeks to provide readers with insights into the process of scientific discovery and the evolution of various scientific fields. The opening of the volume sets the stage for a comprehensive exploration of the history of science, emphasizing the intertwining of scientific and religious ideas throughout history. It introduces Hildegard of Bingen, a pivotal figure, and offers a glimpse into her complex relationship with the natural world, spirituality, and the scientific knowledge of her time. The introduction explains the motivation behind the compilation of essays, which is to encourage a broader understanding of the history and methods of science among students and scholars alike. It discusses the need for a cohesive study of science that incorporates various disciplines, illustrating how historians can facilitate better communication among specialized scientific fields.
Garrett Putman Serviss
How to Use the Popular Science Library; History of Science; General Index
"How to Use the Popular Science Library; History of Science; General Index" by Garrett P. Serviss is a scientific publication written in the early 20th century. This volume serves as a comprehensive guide and reference for readers seeking to deepen their understanding of science as it relates to everyday experiences, providing context and historical framework for various scientific disciplines. The text emphasizes the interconnections among different fields of science and presents an engaging approach to learning. The opening of the work introduces the reader to the purpose and value of the Popular Science Library, highlighting the significance of making scientific knowledge accessible to the general public rather than just specialists. It outlines the structure of the volume, which includes guidance for using the library effectively, a concise history of scientific advancements, and a thorough general index. Serviss argues that a fundamental appreciation for science enriches daily life, urging readers to recognize the scientific principles underlying commonplace events and experiences. This foundation sets the stage for an exploration of historical scientific progress, making the study of science both relatable and fascinating.
A. C. (Albert Charles) Seward
Darwin and Modern Science
"Darwin and Modern Science" by A. C. Seward is a collection of essays commemorating the centenary of Charles Darwin's birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of "The Origin of Species," written in the early 20th century. The work unites contributions from various authors, each addressing different aspects of Darwin's influence and legacy in science, particularly in the fields of biology, philosophy, and the humanities, illuminating the enduring impact of Darwin's ideas on modern scientific thought and research. The opening of the book provides insight into its purpose and the scholarly community's efforts behind it. A preface outlines the ambition to present essays that not only celebrate Darwin's contributions but also reflect on contemporary scientific attitudes towards his theories. The introductory letter by Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker highlights the significance of the essays in exploring Darwin's relationship with his predecessors and the evolution of thoughts surrounding natural selection, organic evolution, and the interdisciplinary implications of Darwin's work. Throughout these early chapters, the groundwork is laid for a comprehensive examination of Darwin's lasting impact, setting the stage for deeper discussions in subsequent essays.
Alexander von Humboldt
Cosmos: A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe, Vol. 1
"Cosmos: A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe, Vol. 1" by Alexander von Humboldt is a scientific treatise published between 1845 and 1862. Born from lectures at the University of Berlin and shaped by Humboldt's explorations across the Americas and Asia, this influential work presents a unified vision of nature—from outer space to Earth. Humboldt argues that universal laws govern both celestial order and terrestrial chaos, inviting readers to perceive the wholeness and harmony underlying our physical world through both objective observation and subjective contemplation.
William Whewell
History of the inductive sciences, from the earliest to the present time
"History of the Inductive Sciences, from the Earliest to the Present Time" by William Whewell is a comprehensive historical account written in the late 19th century. The work aims to examine the evolution of physical sciences from their inception to contemporary understanding, emphasizing significant discoveries and their contexts. It explores how human knowledge developed through observation and reasoning, casting light on the journey toward acquiring scientific truths. The opening of the work establishes Whewell's ambitious purpose of detailing the pivotal moments in the history of physical sciences. He introduces the concept of inductive reasoning as a vital process through which scientific knowledge is formed, distinguishing it from other types of knowledge. Whewell affirms the importance of both factual observation and rational thought in forming substantial general knowledge. Furthermore, he outlines his plan to highlight key epochs, significant figures, and events in the progression of scientific understanding, while also hinting at a future work that will delve into the philosophy underpinning the inductive sciences.
James J. (James Joseph) Walsh
The Popes and Science The History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time
"The Popes and Science" by James J. Walsh is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The work delves into the intricate and often misunderstood relationship between Papal authorities and the development of science and medicine from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. Walsh strives to dismantle prevalent misconceptions about the Church's alleged opposition to scientific progress, particularly in medical education and practices. At the start of the book, the author introduces the pervasive belief that the Roman Catholic Church and the Popes were opposed to medical sciences, particularly dissection and anatomy. He recounts his own journey of investigating these claims, ultimately finding substantial evidence that contradicts this narrative. Walsh emphasizes the significant contributions of the Church to the establishment of medical schools and the encouragement of scientific inquiry during the Middle Ages, showcasing key figures and historical developments that highlight the Papal patronage of medicine and science, countering the long-held notion that the Church stifled scientific progress.
Walter Libby
An Introduction to the History of Science
"An Introduction to the History of Science" by Walter Libby is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The work provides an overview of the development of scientific thought from ancient civilizations such as Egypt and Babylon through to the Greeks and Romans, emphasizing the practical roots of scientific inquiry. It aims to present science as a dynamic, collective pursuit shaped by various cultures and historical contexts. The opening of the book delves into the significance of early scientific practices among ancient civilizations, particularly highlighting Egypt and Babylon. It discusses how these societies created essential systems of measurement and timekeeping, such as the seven-day week and the divisions of the compass, driven by practical needs. The text illustrates that the understanding of astronomy, geometry, and medicine emerged predominantly from efforts to address life's challenges, setting the stage for science as an evolving narrative intertwined with human progress and societal needs. This initial chapter lays a foundation for the subsequent exploration of scientific development, emphasizing its continuity and interconnectedness throughout history.
Henry Smith Williams
A History of Science — Volume 1
"A History of Science — Volume 1" by Henry Smith Williams, M.D., LL.D., assisted by Edward H. Williams, M.D., is a historical account likely written in the early 20th century. This volume focuses on the development of scientific thought from prehistoric times through early civilizations, including the Egyptians, Babylonians, and Greeks. It aims to explore the evolution of scientific ideas and principles that form the foundation of modern knowledge and civilization. The opening of the volume sets the stage for a detailed exploration of the early roots of science, beginning with an analysis of prehistoric knowledge. It highlights that even primitive humans exhibited observational and classification skills, which are fundamental to the scientific method. Key observations by early humans are discussed, such as their understanding of gravity, temperature changes, and the basic concepts of biology and medicine. The narrative emphasizes the lineage of scientific thought, illustrating how each discovery built upon the previous one, and prepares the reader for a deeper study of the scientific achievements of ancient societies as they emerge from this prehistoric backdrop.
John Fiske
A Century of Science, and Other Essays
"A Century of Science and Other Essays" by John Fiske is a collection of essays written in the late 19th century. This work reflects on significant scientific discoveries and ideas that shaped modern thought, particularly focusing on evolution and the progress of various scientific fields over the past century. Fiske aims to illustrate the rapid advancements and methodologies in science, advocating for the importance of systematic inquiry. The opening of the collection sets the stage by discussing the revolutionary discovery of oxygen by Dr. Priestley and traces the dramatic evolution of scientific understanding from the antiquated beliefs of alchemy to the foundational principles of modern chemistry. Fiske elaborates on how scientific advancements, particularly in fields such as chemistry and geology, signify a transformative leap in human knowledge. He emphasizes the interconnectedness of various scientific disciplines and foreshadows the larger discussions on evolution and the development of human society that will follow in the subsequent essays in the book.
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