Subject
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation Books
Best books
Francis Douce
Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners: with Dissertations on the Clowns and Fools of Shakspeare; on a Collection of Popular Tales Entitled Gesta Romanorum; and on the English Morris dance.
"Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners" by Francis Douce is a collection of literary commentary and historical analysis written in the early 19th century. This work serves as an exploration of Shakspeare's texts, particularly focusing on elucidating clowns and fools within his plays, the influences of popular tales like the "Gesta Romanorum," and the cultural significance of the English morris dance. At the start of the text, Douce presents a preface that underlines the necessity of commentary on Shakespeare's complex writings. He outlines his approach, indicating a division of readers based on how they engage with Shakespeare's plays, and reflects on previous scholars' contributions to the field. Douce's introduction suggests that his work will build upon these foundations, aiming to shed light on obscure customs, clarify difficult passages, and provide a deeper understanding of the characters and themes that populate Shakespeare’s works. Overall, the opening sections set the stage for an in-depth look at the rich interplay between Shakespeare's literature and the social customs of his time.
William Allan Neilson
The Facts About Shakespeare
"The Facts About Shakespeare" by William Allan Neilson and Ashley Horace Thorndike is a scholarly account written in the early 20th century. This publication aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the life and times of William Shakespeare, exploring his cultural context, biography, and the influences that shaped his works. The authors delve into topics such as Shakespeare's environment in Elizabethan England, his education, and the significant events that marked his life and career. The beginning of this work sets the stage by outlining the sociopolitical and cultural landscape of Shakespeare's England. It describes the significant transformations occurring during his lifetime, including shifts in religion, commerce, and daily living, which contributed to the vibrant atmosphere that influenced Shakespeare's writing. The authors touch upon the broader implications of these changes, such as the rise of individualism and national identity, and introduce the reader to key themes that will shape the discussions in subsequent chapters. They establish that Shakespeare's unique position in society allowed him to observe and reflect the complexities of human nature and societal change in his plays.
David Nichol Smith
Eighteenth Century Essays on Shakespeare
"Eighteenth Century Essays on Shakespeare" edited by David Nichol Smith is a scholarly collection of essays that examines the reputation and criticism of William Shakespeare during the eighteenth century. This publication was likely compiled in the early 20th century and seeks to illuminate the often underappreciated insights and critiques of Shakespeare's work from that era, countering the later romantic revival's dismissal of these earlier judgments. At the start of this collection, the editor outlines the purpose of revisiting these critical essays to demonstrate that the eighteenth century possessed a nuanced understanding of Shakespeare's genius, contrary to popular belief. The preface explains that this volume includes significant essays from notable critics of the time, including Nicholas Rowe and Samuel Johnson, which discuss themes such as Shakespeare's artistic merits and foibles, his learning, and the competing views on his dramatic structure. The introduction sets the framework for exploring the evolving perception of Shakespeare's work and highlights the continuous popularity and relevance of his plays throughout the eighteenth century.
Georg Brandes
William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
"William Shakespeare: A Critical Study" by Georg Brandes is a critical work written in the early 20th century. This text delves into the complexities of Shakespeare's life, his historical context, and literary contributions, exploring his profound influence on literature and drama. Brandes' study seeks to illuminate the enigmatic life of Shakespeare, particularly the obscurities surrounding his biography, and the evolution of his artistic genius through his works. At the start of the work, Brandes sets the scene by contrasting Shakespeare’s significance with that of his contemporaries, such as Michael Angelo and Cervantes, emphasizing the lasting impact of Shakespeare’s body of work even centuries after its creation. He outlines the challenges in reconstructing Shakespeare's biography, citing a lack of contemporary documentation and personal letters. The opening also introduces key aspects of Shakespeare's origins, including his upbringing in Stratford-on-Avon and the cultural influences that likely shaped his literary output. Brandes’ examination promises a detailed exploration of Shakespeare's evolution as an artist and the political and social currents of England during his time.
Mungo William MacCallum
Shakespeare's Roman plays and their background
"Shakespeare's Roman Plays and Their Background" by M. W. MacCallum is a scholarly examination of the Roman-themed plays written by Shakespeare, likely composed in the early 20th century. This work delves into the context, influences, and historical significance of these plays within both Shakespeare's oeuvre and the broader landscape of English drama. It specifically addresses how these plays, while distinct from his English histories and tragedies, still reflect similar thematic elements. The opening of the text introduces an exploration of the Roman plays as a distinct category within Shakespeare's body of work, emphasizing their unique methodology and treatment. It outlines the author's intention to discuss not only Shakespeare’s plays but also the historical context surrounding them, including the influences of previous Roman-themed works and key historical figures such as Plutarch. MacCallum acknowledges the challenge of his location far from European libraries, expressing gratitude to various scholars and institutions that have contributed to his research. He articulates his desire to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Roman plays by tracing their sources and literary heritage, ultimately setting the stage for further detailed discussions throughout the text.
George MacDonald
A Dish of Orts : Chiefly Papers on the Imagination, and on Shakespeare
"A Dish of Orts: Chiefly Papers on the Imagination, and on Shakespeare" by George MacDonald is a philosophical and literary exploration written during the late 19th century. This collection of essays delves into the nature and significance of imagination, its educational roles, and analysis of Shakespeare's works, among other cultural reflections. The author articulates a strong defense of the imagination as a vital human faculty, arguing against the suppression of this creative power in favor of mere intellectual repose. At the start of the book, George MacDonald emphasizes the importance of imagination, presenting it as integral to both individual development and the understanding of creation itself. He contrasts the imaginative faculty with rigid scientific reasoning while advocating for a balance that fosters deeper insights into the human experience. Through his discussion of various themes, including the creative process and the nature of true greatness, MacDonald sets the stage for a more profound inquiry into how the imagination shapes art, literature, and personal growth. The opening segment establishes his overarching argument that embracing and nurturing our imaginative capacities is essential for a richer, more meaningful engagement with life and the world around us.
A. C. (Andrew Cecil) Bradley
Oxford Lectures on Poetry
"Oxford Lectures on Poetry" by A. C. Bradley is a scholarly work composed of a series of lectures that explore the nature and essence of poetry, written in the early 20th century. The lectures primarily focus on the concept of "Poetry for Poetry's Sake," discussing how poetry functions independently of its instructional or moral values. The author, a former Professor of Poetry at Oxford, delves into the intricacies of poetic experience and offers insights into how poetry conveys meaning, particularly through the interplay of form and substance. The opening of the text introduces Bradley's ideas regarding the definition of poetry and its intrinsic value. He reflects on his role as a lecturer, briefly considering his predecessors while emphasizing the importance of understanding poetry in its essence beyond conventional expectations. He articulates that poetic value is not determined by the ulterior effects or moral lessons of poetry but lies in the imaginative experience that poetry offers. This sets the stage for his deeper analysis of the nature of poetry, inviting readers to rethink the way they engage with poetic works and highlighting the transformative power of the poetic experience.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
The Literary Remains of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Volume 2
"The Literary Remains of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Volume 2" by Coleridge is a scholarly collection of essays, lectures, and notes written in the early 19th century. This volume focuses predominantly on the literary critique and analysis of renowned playwrights like Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, and Beaumont and Fletcher, delving into their respective contributions to poetry and drama, as well as offering insights on poetry's essence, form, and function. At the start of this volume, Coleridge presents an extract from a letter in which he reflects on the originality and impact of his previous lectures on Shakespeare, asserting that his unique insights into the interplay of judgment and genius are often overlooked or misattributed. He continues with a detailed exploration of what constitutes poetry, contrasting it with prose and science. Coleridge elaborates on Shakespeare's creative genius, emphasizing the significance of emotional resonance and the role of artistic expression in capturing the complexity of human experiences. As he establishes a framework for understanding literary works, he also critiques the public taste and societal influences that shape perceptions of art, stressing the importance of a critic's reverence and intellectual rigor when approaching the study of great literary figures.
Samuel Johnson
Notes to Shakespeare, Volume III: The Tragedies
"Notes to Shakespeare, Volume III: The Tragedies" by Samuel Johnson is a critical commentary on the tragedies of Shakespeare, written in the mid-20th century. This work provides in-depth analysis and notes on various plays, examining thematic elements, character motivations, and historical contexts of Shakespeare's tragedies. Readers interested in both Shakespearean literature and literary criticism will find this exploration insightful to understand the intricacies of these classic works. The opening of the volume features an introduction by Arthur Sherbo that outlines Samuel Johnson's complex emotional response to Shakespeare's tragedies. It highlights Johnson's personal experiences with the plays, delving into specific scenes that evoked strong feelings in him, such as the Ghost in "Hamlet" or the death of Cordelia in "King Lear." Sherbo discusses Johnson's mixture of emotional involvement with certain moments in Shakespeare's works while maintaining a dispassionate editorial perspective on others, setting the stage for a nuanced exploration of the tragedies analyzed throughout the volume.
James Russell Lowell
Among My Books. First Series
"Among My Books. First Series" by James Russell Lowell is a collection of literary essays written in the mid-19th century. The essays discuss various writers and themes, exploring the relationship between literature and culture, particularly focusing on English poets like John Dryden and William Wordsworth, while also touching on figures such as Rousseau and Shakespeare. The text serves as a reflective commentary on the literary landscape of Lowell's time, revealing insights into both the authors' works and the evolution of literary criticism. The opening of this collection introduces the theme of memory and learning through literature. Lowell employs a metaphor from Benvenuto Cellini to illustrate how painful experiences can mark our memories, challenging the notion of learning through pleasure alone. He then transitions into an analysis of Dryden's impact on English poetry, discussing the historical context of his works, the stylistic variations among poets, and the significance of maintaining literary standards. Throughout, Lowell reflects on the tension between classical influences and modern innovation, setting the groundwork for a deeper exploration of the writers featured in the series.
Leo Tolstoy
Tolstoy on Shakespeare: A Critical Essay on Shakespeare
"Tolstoy on Shakespeare: A Critical Essay on Shakespeare" by Leo Tolstoy is a critical essay written in the early 20th century." The essay presents Tolstoy's personal reflections and critiques of Shakespeare's works, particularly focusing on the tragedy "King Lear." Tolstoy challenges the conventional praise for Shakespeare's genius, arguing against the established acclaim and questioning the artistic merits of the plays. "The opening of this essay reveals Tolstoy's initial disappointment with Shakespeare's works, contrary to their widely held reputation." He describes his attempts over many years to engage with Shakespeare's writings, only to feel confusion and aversion, culminating in a strong conviction that the acclaim for Shakespeare is misguided. The opening segment suggests that Tolstoy plans to dissect the elements of "King Lear" to illustrate the perceived flaws and artificiality present in Shakespeare's writing. He sets the stage for a methodical critique that seeks to unearth what he views as Shakespeare's literary shortcomings, preparing readers for an exploration of both the narrative and its characters with the intent to challenge their impact.
Algernon Charles Swinburne
A Study of Shakespeare
"A Study of Shakespeare" by Algernon Charles Swinburne is a critical study written in the late 19th century. The text appears to serve as an in-depth analysis of the development and evolution of Shakespeare's poetic style and metric forms. Swinburne's exploration comes at a time when debates regarding Shakespeare's authorship and the authenticity of his plays were prominent. The opening of the work introduces Swinburne's intention to investigate the metrical progression and stylistic changes in Shakespeare's writing over distinct periods of his career. He presents the metaphor of Shakespeare's works as an uncharted sea, emphasizing the complexities and challenges of literary criticism. The preface outlines the framework for Swinburne's analysis, hinting at a division of Shakespeare's oeuvre into three main periods, each marked by unique stylistic traits. Through this methodology, the author sets a foundation for exploring the evolution of one of literature's most monumental figures.
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