Guillaume Apollinaire
Calligrammes: Poèmes de la paix et de la guerre (1913-1916)
"Calligrammes: Poèmes de la paix et de la guerre (1913-1916)" by Guillaume Apollinaire is a poetry collection published in 1918. Written between 1912 and 1916, the collection spans the transition from peacetime to World War I, organized chronologically across six sections. The work is distinguished by its innovative calligrams—poems arranged typographically to create visual, figurative shapes. Apollinaire blends cubist-inspired simultaneous poems, conversation-poems, and trench writings, creating a unique fusion of visual art and verse that captures both war's reality and experimental artistry.