Author
Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol
1809-1852
Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol (1809-1852) is a public-domain author available on Rivro. Read free books, explore subjects, and discover related classics.
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Books by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol
Dead Souls
"Dead Souls" by Nikolai Gogol is a novel first published in 1842. It follows Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov, a mysterious gentleman who arrives in a small Russian town with a peculiar scheme: to purchase "dead souls"—serfs who have died but still exist on paper for tax purposes. As he charms local officials and landowners, his bizarre transactions raise suspicions. Through absurd satire, Gogol exposes the moral rot and social dysfunction of Russia's middle aristocracy, creating unforgettable caricatures of greed, pretension, and vulgarity.
The Inspector-General
"The Inspector-General" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a classic comedy written in the early 19th century, often hailed as one of the greatest works of Russian literature. The play centers around the character of Ivan Aleksandrovich Khlestakov, a low-level government clerk who becomes mistakenly identified as a high-ranking inspector by the corrupt officials of a small provincial town. The narrative seamlessly blends humor with sharp social commentary, exploring themes of bureaucracy, corruption, and the absurdity of human behavior. At the start of the play, the Governor and various officials are thrown into a state of panic when they learn that an Inspector-General is coming to their town incognito. Fearing exposure of their corruption and incompetence, they start making frantic preparations to present a façade of efficiency and proper conduct. In the midst of this chaos, Khlestakov arrives at the inn, and a series of misunderstandings leads the officials to believe he is the inspector. As they fawn over him and try to impress, Khlestakov—who is only scraping by himself—becomes embroiled in the absurdity of their grandiose attempts to placate him, setting the stage for a hilarious critique of power dynamics and societal pretensions.
Taras Bulba, and Other Tales
"Taras Bulba and Other Tales" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of stories written in the early 19th century. The titular tale, "Taras Bulba," centers on the life and exploits of Taras, a fierce Cossack leader, and his two sons who have returned from their education. This narrative is set against the backdrop of the turbulent Ukrainian landscape during a time of conflict and showcases themes of bravery, loyalty, and cultural pride amid the conflicts between different factions in Eastern Europe. At the start of the tale, Taras Bulba greets his sons, Ostap and Andrii, in a boisterous and confrontational manner that reflects both his warrior spirit and paternal affection. Their reunion quickly turns into a humorous yet rough initiation as Taras playfully pummels them in a test of strength. He expresses disdain for their academic pursuits and instead chides them to embrace their heritage as Cossacks. The family's dynamics, particularly the struggle between Taras' rugged, martial values and his wife’s tender maternal concerns, hint at the struggles of adhering to traditional masculine norms in a changing world, setting the stage for exploration of deeper themes as the story unfolds.
The Mantle, and Other Stories
"The Mantle and Other Stories" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of short stories written in the early 19th century. The stories often revolve around the absurdities of life in Russian society, employing satire and humor to critique characters and their follies. One of the central characters is Akaki Akakievitch, a titular councillor whose life takes a turn following the loss of his beloved cloak, which becomes a symbol of his social position and identity. The opening of "The Mantle" introduces Akaki Akakievitch, a meek and unnoticed government clerk in St. Petersburg, who is humorously depicted as utterly devoted to his mundane work of copying documents. Gogol paints a vivid picture of Akaki's drab life, marked by ill-fitting clothes and constant ridicule from his colleagues. As Akaki discovers the dilapidated state of his old coat and resolves to get a new one, the narrative sets the stage for his transformation, exploring themes of social alienation and the human condition in a satirical light. The segment hints at the interplay of societal expectations and personal aspirations, foreshadowing the struggles Akaki will endure in pursuit of dignity through something as simple yet profound as a cloak.
Home Life in Russia, Volumes 1 and 2 [Dead Souls]
"Home Life in Russia, Volumes 1 and 2" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a satirical narrative written in the mid-19th century. The work presents a detailed and engaging look into Russian society, particularly through the eyes of the main character, Pavel Ivanovitch Tchichikoff, who is introduced as a Councillor of State traveling for pleasure and business. The story emphasizes the peculiarities of Russian nobility and their customs, providing a window into the socio-political dynamics of the era. The opening of the narrative introduces Tchichikoff as he arrives at a provincial inn in Smolensk. As he settles in, the descriptions of the inn and its staff reveal a world filled with eccentric yet vivid characters, laying the foundation for Tchichikoff's observations and interactions. His inquiries about the local nobility and conditions reflect his intentions to integrate himself into the social fabric while simultaneously hinting at his deeper motives. Gogol crafts a scene that mixes humor and social critique, setting the stage for Tchichikoff's journey and the satirical exploration of Russian life that follows.
Sämmtliche Werke 3: Abende auf dem Gutshof bei Dikanka; Phantastische Novellen
"Sämmtliche Werke 3: Abende auf dem Gutshof bei Dikanka; Phantastische Novellen" by Nikolai Gogol is a collection of short stories written between 1829-1832. Eight tales unfold through the voice of beekeeper Rudy Panko, blending Ukrainian folklore with supernatural elements. From enchanted villages to mysterious vengeances, these stories mingle horror and humor in vivid portraits of peasant life. Drawing on Gogol's childhood memories and his mother's accounts of village customs and superstitions, this groundbreaking collection established his distinctive style and launched his career in Russian literature.
Sämmtliche Werke 4: Mirgorod
"Sämmtliche Werke 4: Mirgorod" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of short stories written in the early 19th century. The work explores the lives and experiences of characters from the small Russian provinces, highlighting the unique blend of whimsical fantasy and stark realism that characterizes Gogol's style. Through vibrant portrayals of peasant life, folklore, and strong emotional contrasts, the collection presents a rich tapestry of cultural narratives. The opening of "Mirgorod" introduces Afanassji Iwanowitsch Towstogub and Pulcheria Iwanowna, an elderly couple living in quiet simplicity, deeply bound to one another and their rural life. Gogol vividly describes their humble dwelling, their regular routines, and the charm of their existence while hinting at the broader themes of nostalgia and the passage of time. Through warm humor and tender observations, the narrative captures the essence of their relationship, juxtaposing their serene lives against a looming sense of change and melancholy that subtly foreshadows future events.
Cossack Tales
"Cossack Tales" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of short stories written in the early 19th century. This vibrant narrative dives into the lives and folklore surrounding the Cossacks, particularly highlighting their humor, valiance, and cultural vibrancy through portrayals of village existence. The tales blend elements of comedy and legend, capturing the essence of peasant life in Little Russia, with a focus on characters like the blacksmith Vakoola and the enchanting Oxana. The opening of the tale titled "The Night of Christmas Eve" introduces readers to an atmospheric winter night, characterized by a clear starry sky and a sense of impending festivity. As the Cossack Choop prepares to leave his home for a Christmas gathering, the devil makes a mischievous appearance, stealing the moon to create darkness. The story unfolds as Choop encounters various elements of magic and folklore, underlying themes of romance as the devil's antics interfere with the lives of village characters, particularly affecting young Vakoola, who is enamored with Oxana. The blend of humor, supernatural elements, and a rich cultural backdrop sets the tone for the tales that follow.
Sämmtliche Werke 6: Arabesken, Prosaschriften, Rom
"Sämmtliche Werke 6: Arabesken, Prosaschriften, Rom" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of essays and prose writings written in the early 19th century. This work is part of a larger multi-volume collection that showcases Gogol's reflections on art, history, and culture, with an emphasis on the emotional and aesthetic experiences derived from various forms of creative expression. The themes explored in this volume include the nature of sculpture, painting, and music, as well as historical commentary, indicating a profound engagement with cultural history and artistic philosophy. The opening of this collection presents Gogol's thoughts on art, particularly celebrating the triad of sculpture, painting, and music. He personifies each art form as sisters, attributing to sculpture a sense of physical beauty and a connection to ancient civilizations, while extolling painting and music for their emotional depth and capacity to convey the human experience. Gogol suggests that these artistic expressions serve as essential pathways to understanding and experiencing the world around us, culminating in a powerful plea for the importance of these arts in contemporary life. Through evocative imagery and rich descriptions, the opening sets a tone of appreciation for beauty and an earnest reflection on the role of art in society.
Sämmtliche Werke 5: Dramatische Werke
"Sämmtliche Werke 5: Dramatische Werke" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of dramatic works written in the early 19th century. This volume includes the famous comedy "Der Revisor" ("The Government Inspector"), which explores themes of bureaucracy, corruption, and human folly. The story revolves around a government inspector who is mistaken for an important official, leading to a series of comical and absurd situations among the local officials of a small Russian town. The opening portion of "Der Revisor" sets the stage in a provincial city, where the local police chief and various officials are in a state of panic over the unexpected arrival of an inspector from Petersburg. Antón Antónowitsch Skwósnik-Dmuchánowski, the police chief, gathers his subordinates to discuss the potential consequences of this visit. They worry about their own misdeeds being discovered and scramble to cover up their incompetence and corruption, believing that the inspector is already among them, incognito. As tension builds among the officials, the audience is introduced to their bumbling personalities and schemes, foreshadowing the chaos that will ensue.
Sämmtliche Werke 2: Die Abenteuer Tschitschikows oder Die toten Seelen II
"Die Abenteuer Tschitschikows oder Die toten Seelen II" by Gogol is a novel published in 1842. The protagonist, Tschitschikow, devises a cunning scheme to acquire wealth by purchasing "dead souls"—deceased serfs still listed on official registers. He travels through provincial Russia, negotiating with various eccentric landowners to buy these phantom peasants, planning to use them as collateral for state loans. Gogol's satirical masterwork exposes the corruption and absurdities of Russian aristocratic society through Tschitschikow's morally dubious adventures.
Sämmtliche Werke 8: Briefwechsel II, Hans Küchelgarten Briefwechsel II / Die Beichte des Dichters / Betrachtungen über die Heilige Liturgie / Jugendschriften / Fragmente / Hans Küchelgarten
"Sämmtliche Werke 8: Briefwechsel II, Hans Küchelgarten" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of correspondence, likely written during the mid-19th century. This publication includes Gogol's letters to his friends, providing insight into his thoughts, struggles, and motivations as a writer. The letters reflect Gogol's introspection and his desire to understand the Russian social landscape through the eyes of various characters, underscoring his deep engagement with both personal and societal themes. The opening of this compilation begins with Gogol addressing Arkadius Ossipowitsch Rosetti, expressing gratitude for his letters and discussing his longing to learn about people's opinions on his works, particularly "Dead Souls." Gogol reveals his emotional turmoil regarding the reception of his writings and his struggle with understanding society across social classes in Russia. He also implores Rosetti to observe and report on the characters he encounters in daily life, illustrating his fixation on how these observations might inform and enrich his literary pursuits. This sets the tone for a work deeply interconnected with Gogol's exploration of art, self-awareness, and the human condition.
Sämmtliche Werke 1: Die Abenteuer Tschitschikows oder Die toten Seelen I
"Die Abenteuer Tschitschikows oder Die toten Seelen I" by Nikolai Gogol is a novel published in 1842. The story follows Pawel Iwanowitsch Tschitschikow, a cunning opportunist determined to enrich himself through an audacious scheme. He travels through provincial Russia purchasing "dead souls"—deceased serfs still listed on official records—to use as collateral for state loans. Through satirical encounters with eccentric landowners, Gogol exposes the corruption, absurdity, and moral decay of the Russian landed gentry in pre-revolutionary Russia.
Sämmtliche Werke 7: Briefwechsel I
"Sämmtliche Werke 7: Briefwechsel I" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a collection of letters and literary reflections written during the early 19th century. This volume includes Gogol's correspondence with friends and contemporaries, revealing his thoughts on literature, society, and personal struggles, particularly in the face of his impending mortality. The work reflects his introspective nature and his desire to leave a meaningful legacy after his death. The opening of the collection sets a somber tone as Gogol recounts moments of illness and contemplation. He expresses a sense of urgency in wanting to share his thoughts and wisdom with his compatriots before embarking on a journey to the Holy Land. In this preface, he apologizes for any offenses he may have caused and reflects on the value of his letters compared to his previous writings. Gogol emphasizes the significance of kindness and understanding among people, urging his readers to forgive his past mistakes and to engage in acts of kindness themselves, reinforcing the themes of humility and moral duty that permeate his correspondence.
Demonien ruhtinatar: Kertomus
"Demonien ruhtinatar: Kertomus" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a fictional narrative written in the early 19th century. The story introduces a setting filled with quirky characters, primarily students from a seminary in Kiev, as they navigate everyday life, with humor and the supernatural blending seamlessly into their experiences. At the start of the tale, a bell rings, marking the beginning of a school day at a seminary in Kiev, and students flood the streets, showcasing their distinct personalities and chaotic interactions. The narrative captures the camaraderie and mischief of the students—grammar school boys engaging in playful disputes, while their philosophical counterparts engage in intellectual discussions. This lively atmosphere sets the stage for the arrival of a trio of seminary students—teologist Haljava, philosopher Homa Brut, and retor Tiberi Gorobets—who find themselves lost in the countryside, leading to a series of comedic misadventures involving mystical encounters and the eerie presence of a witch. The opening portion establishes a mixture of humor, character dynamics, and Gothic elements, hinting at deeper themes intertwined with folklore and society.
Der Mantel: Eine Novelle
"Der Mantel: Eine Novelle" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a poignant short story written in the early 19th century. This narrative explores the mundane life of a low-ranking government clerk in St. Petersburg, focusing on themes of identity, social status, and the human condition. The novella provides a critical commentary on the bureaucratic society of its time. The story revolves around Akaki Akakiewitsch Bashmachkin, an unremarkable and impoverished clerk who dedicates his life to copying documents. He endures the derision of his colleagues, who mock him for his worn-out coat, affectionately dubbed "the mantle." As he finally saves enough money to purchase a new overcoat, he revels in the joy it brings him, gaining newfound confidence and respect. However, his joy is short-lived; he is robbed of the coat one night, leading to a series of despairing events. In his pursuit of help, he is met with indifference and disdain from the authorities, which ultimately results in his untimely demise, reflecting the harsh realities of life for the lower classes in Tsarist Russia. The story concludes with a haunting twist, as Akaki's ghost seeks to reclaim his lost mantle, symbolizing his struggle in a world that has marginalized him.
Taras Bulba: Kertomus kasakkavallan mahtavuuden ajoilta
"Taras Bulba: Kertomus kasakkavallan mahtavuuden ajoilta" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a novel written in the early 19th century. This story explores the life of the fierce and traditional Ukrainian Cossack leader, Taras Bulba, and his relationship with his two sons, Ostap and Andrei, as they prepare for life in the military and the challenges of their time. The novel delves into themes of honor, camaraderie, and the complexities of familial bonds amidst the backdrop of conflict and cultural identity. At the start of the novel, Taras Bulba warmly greets his sons upon their return from the Kiovan academy, engaging in a playful yet competitive spirit that quickly escalates into a mock fight, showcasing his robust, warrior-like nature. The scene shifts to Taras's determination to prepare his sons for a life of Cossack valor, dismissing their formal education in favor of traditional warrior training. Amidst their playful banter, the narrative emphasizes the tension between the boys and their mother, who fears for their safety as they are soon to be sent to the Sjetsh, the Cossack military settlement. This opening sets the stage for a tale rich in themes of identity, the lure of a warrior's life, and the impending conflict with enemies such as the Tatars, hinting at the journey and trials that await the family.
Kuolleet sielut
"Kuolleet sielut" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a novel written in the early 19th century. The story follows the character Pavel Ivanovitsh Tshitshikow, a mysterious gentleman who arrives in a provincial town and engages with various local officials, hinting at a deeper, ulterior motive behind his visits. The novel explores themes of social status, human folly, and the bureaucracy of Russian society at the time. At the start of the narrative, Tshitshikow arrives in the town in a modest carriage, drawing little attention, and settles into a rather ordinary inn. As he interacts with the innkeeper, his peculiar inquiries about local officials and landowners throughout his meals suggest a hidden agenda. His visiting various offices and engaging flattering conversations sets the tone for his character as an astute observer capable of ingratiating himself with the townspeople. This opening introduces readers to the intricacies of society and the nuanced relationships that will unfold as Tshitshikow's true intentions gradually become clearer.
Viitta: Kertomus
"Viitta: Kertomus" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a short story written in the early 19th century. The narrative centers on the life of a minor bureaucrat named Akaaki Akaakievitsch, who is portrayed as an unremarkable and modest government clerk. Through Satirical elements, the work explores themes of social class, human suffering, and the mundane yet cruel reality of bureaucratic life. The opening of the story introduces Akaaki Akaakievitsch, detailing his background and current position as a copyist in an unspecified government office. It describes his physical appearance and character traits, which include shyness and a strong commitment to his job, as he diligently works in a world that largely ignores him. The story presents a glimpse into his life, showcasing the cruelty and apathy he faces from his colleagues who mock him for his old and worn outer garment, a "viitta" (overcoat). As his struggles unfold, a deep sense of pity for his character is evoked, setting the stage for the larger narrative on his quest for dignity and respect amidst an indifferent bureaucratic system.
Nenä
"Nenä" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a satirical short story written in the early 19th century. The narrative explores themes of identity and social status through absurdity, revolving around a man who unexpectedly loses his nose, which then takes on a life of its own as it masquerades as a government official. The story is a critique of the bureaucratic nature of society and the importance of appearances. The plot follows Major Kovalev who wakes up one morning to find that his nose has vanished. Confounded, he soon discovers that his nose is walking around town, dressed as a high-ranking official. In a desperate attempt to reclaim his lost appendage, Kovalev embarks on a humorous and absurd quest, encountering various characters and revealing the absurdities of social status. Gogol's tale uses this bizarre premise to comment on vanity, the superficiality of social hierarchies, and the individual's struggle against societal norms, ultimately reflecting broader truths about human nature and identity.
Tarass Boulba
"Tarass Boulba" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a historical novella written in the early 19th century. The narrative delves into the lives and customs of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, centered around the titular character, Tarass Boulba, who is a fervent and traditional Cossack warrior. The plot explores themes of loyalty, family, and the adventurous, often brutal life of the Cossacks against the backdrop of their historical context. The opening of "Tarass Boulba" introduces us to the eponymous character as he greets his two sons, Ostap and Andry, upon their return from seminar studies. Instead of a warm reunion, it quickly devolves into a rough, playful fight, showcasing Boulba's gruff but affectionate nature. The narrative sets the tone for Boulba's rugged masculinity and his desire to mold his sons into fearless warriors. As he expresses discontent with the academic life they have led, he quickly resolves to send them to the Cossack camp, or "setch," where he believes they will gain the true essence of Cossack life. This sets the stage for the dynamics of family, tradition, and the impending adventures that await them in the Cossack warrior lifestyle.
Naimapuuhat: 2-näytöksinen huvinäytelmä
"Naimapuuhat: 2-näytöksinen huvinäytelmä" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a two-act comedy written in the early 19th century. This work presents a humorous exploration of courtship and marriage through a collection of eccentric characters navigating the complexities of relationships. The main character, Podkolesin, is a hesitant suitor grappling with the idea of marriage, reflecting the social norms and expectations of his era. The opening of the play introduces Podkolesin, a somewhat indecisive bachelor who is contemplating the prospect of marriage whilst lounging in his room. He is visited by his friend Stepan and the matchmaker Fjokla, who pressure him to consider wedlock seriously. Podkolesin appears both anxious and self-reflective, revealing his extroverted thoughts about the qualities of a potential bride, Agafja Tihonovna. The dialogue captures the playful banter concerning his preparations for marriage, setting the tone for the comedic exploration of social expectations surrounding romance. The beginning hints at the amusing mishaps and social commentary that will unfold as the narrative progresses.
Reviisori: Huvinäytelmä viidessä näytöksessä
"Reviisori: Huvinäytelmä viidessä näytöksessä" by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol is a satirical play written in the early 19th century. The work critiques bureaucratic corruption and the absurdities of provincial life in Russia, centering around the sudden arrival of a government inspector, creating panic among local officials. The play's main character, Hlestakov, is a lowly civil servant mistaken for the inspector, leading to a series of comedic misunderstandings. The opening of the play introduces a group of government officials in a provincial town who are thrown into disarray upon hearing that a reviser (inspector) is coming to assess their conduct is coming incognito. The city manager, Päällikkö, shares a letter hinting at this inspector's impending arrival, provoking fear among the officials about the state of their corrupt activities. As they discuss the shocking news, their incompetence and anxiety reveal the pervasive corruption within their ranks, setting the stage for the ensuing chaos that Hlestakov will bring with his arrival. The biting humor and vivid characterization indicate a rich exploration of societal flaws that will unfold throughout the play.
Riita: Kertomus siitä, kuinka Ivan Ivanovitsh ja Ivan Nikiforovitsh riitaantuivat
"Riita: Kertomus siitä, kuinka Ivan Ivanovitsh ja Ivan Nikiforovitsh…" by Nikolai Gogol is a humorous tale published in 1835. Two neighboring landowners in a small Ukrainian town are the best of friends until a petty dispute over a rifle leads to a bitter feud. What begins with an insult escalates into lawsuits, sabotage, and stubborn pride that consumes both men for years. This grotesque yet realistic story explores how small grievances can destroy lifelong friendships and trap people in endless cycles of resentment.