Author
Samuel Johnson
1709-1784
Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) is a public-domain author available on Rivro. Read free books, explore subjects, and discover related classics.
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Books by Samuel Johnson
Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia
"Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia" by Samuel Johnson is a philosophical tale published in 1759. Prince Rasselas, fourth son of the King of Abyssinia, lives confined in the beautiful Happy Valley until his turn for the throne arrives. Growing weary of artificial pleasures, he escapes with his sister Nekayah, her attendant Pekuah, and the philosopher Imlac to search for true happiness in the wider world. Their journey through Egypt exposes them to various walks of life and adventures, each revealing new insights about human existence and the elusive nature of contentment.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 02 The Rambler, Volume I
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 02" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of essays and moral reflections written in the mid-18th century. This volume includes the first contributions of "The Rambler," where Johnson emphasizes the role of moral instruction in society. The work navigates human nature, vice, and the shifting patterns of societal behavior, reflecting Johnson's profound observations on life and morality. The opening of the volume presents a preface that frames the context for Johnson's essays, discussing the need for moral guidance during a time of social change. It outlines the evolving literary landscape and the increasing influence of a broader audience on writers. Johnson positions himself as a moralist, drawing on the past while addressing contemporary issues, aiming to provide an enlightening critique rather than mere entertainment. He notes the greater responsibilities writers have as society evolves, highlighting the seriousness of his intent to reform through literature. This establishes "The Rambler" as a reflective mirror for readers, urging them to scrutinize their own lives while offering wisdom derived from Johnson's keen insights into human behavior.
Preface to Shakespeare
"Preface to Shakespeare" by Samuel Johnson is a critical analysis and commentary on the works of William Shakespeare, written in the mid-18th century. Johnson delves into Shakespeare's literary merit, his understanding of human nature, and the nuances of his storytelling, while also promoting an appreciation for the playwright's timeless relevance in both literature and society. The opening of this work establishes Johnson's intent to critique the common notions surrounding Shakespeare's legacy. He discusses how society often favors the reverence of antiquity over contemporary excellence and investigates the reasons Shakespeare's works continue to endure. Johnson reflects on the nature of Shakespeare's characters, emphasizing their representation of universal human emotions rather than specific traits tied to their contexts. He also critiques the conventions of drama and engages with the historical context of Shakespeare's writing, showcasing his unique ability to blend tragedy with comedy in ways that reflect the realities of life. Through this thoughtful introduction, Johnson sets the stage for a thorough examination of Shakespeare's plays and their enduring significance.
Shorter novels, vol. 3 : $b Eighteenth century
"Shorter Novels, Eighteenth Century" by Johnson, Beckford, and Walpole is a collection of classic novels written during the later years of the eighteenth century. The volume includes notable works like Johnson’s "Rasselas", Walpole’s "The Castle of Otranto", and Beckford’s "Vathek", showcasing a mixture of philosophical reflection, Gothic terror, and Oriental fantasy. The collection illustrates a key transitional period in literature, where traditional themes began to give way to the emotions and imaginations celebrated in Romantic literature. The opening of the book introduces "Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia", which centers on Prince Rasselas, who lives in a paradise-like valley but grows discontented with the pleasures and comforts of his life. Despite the lavish lifestyle provided to him and his siblings, Rasselas has an insatiable yearning to explore the world outside, leading him to reflect on the nature of happiness. His growing melancholy sets the stage for his eventual quest for meaning, as he grapples with existential questions about fulfillment and the human condition.
A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland
"A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland" by Samuel Johnson is a travel narrative published in 1775. It chronicles Johnson's eighty-three-day journey through Scotland's Highlands and Hebrides islands in 1773, accompanied by his friend James Boswell. Johnson explores a rapidly changing Scotland still marked by clan traditions, primitive conditions, and depopulation. He observes Scottish life, language, customs, and landscapes, capturing a romantic yet vanishing world that existed somewhere between medieval and modern times.
Lives of the English Poets : Waller, Milton, Cowley
"Lives of the English Poets: Waller, Milton, Cowley" by Samuel Johnson is a critical work published between 1779-81. This collection presents short biographies and literary critiques of 52 English poets, mostly from the eighteenth century. Johnson examines each poet's life, character, and major works, offering judgments that proved controversial even upon publication. His assessments—including harsh views on Milton's "Lycidas" and metaphysical poetry—sparked immediate debate. Commissioned by London publishers to compete with Scottish editions, these prefaces evolved from brief introductions into substantial literary criticism that shaped how generations understood English poetry.
Lives of the English Poets Gay, Thomson, Young, Gray, &c.
"Lives of the English Poets" by Samuel Johnson is a biographical collection written in the early 18th century. This work presents an array of poetic figures from the English literary canon, focusing on their lives, contributions, and the circumstances that shaped their artistry. Notable subjects include figures like Edward Young, William King, and John Gay, as Johnson examines both their literary merit and personal experiences. The opening of this work introduces the reader to the premise and structure of the collection, specifically noting that it includes twenty lives of English poets, with particular attention given to Edward Young. Johnson provides a chronological account of poets born in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, such as Samuel Garth, Charles Montague, and William Collins, discussing their literary achievements in relation to their backgrounds and the social dynamics of their time. He sets the stage for a deeper exploration of these writers, hinting at the varied themes and life stories that will follow in the subsequent chapters.
Notes to Shakespeare, Volume III: The Tragedies
"Notes to Shakespeare, Volume III: The Tragedies" by Samuel Johnson is a critical commentary on the tragedies of Shakespeare, written in the mid-20th century. This work provides in-depth analysis and notes on various plays, examining thematic elements, character motivations, and historical contexts of Shakespeare's tragedies. Readers interested in both Shakespearean literature and literary criticism will find this exploration insightful to understand the intricacies of these classic works. The opening of the volume features an introduction by Arthur Sherbo that outlines Samuel Johnson's complex emotional response to Shakespeare's tragedies. It highlights Johnson's personal experiences with the plays, delving into specific scenes that evoked strong feelings in him, such as the Ghost in "Hamlet" or the death of Cordelia in "King Lear." Sherbo discusses Johnson's mixture of emotional involvement with certain moments in Shakespeare's works while maintaining a dispassionate editorial perspective on others, setting the stage for a nuanced exploration of the tragedies analyzed throughout the volume.
Johnson's Lives of the Poets — Volume 1
"Johnson's Lives of the Poets — Volume 1" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of biographies written between 1779-81. Commissioned by London publishers to compete with Scottish editions, Johnson crafted biographical sketches and critical assessments of 52 English poets, mostly from the eighteenth century. Though some prefaces began as brief introductions, many expanded into substantial explorations of each poet's life, character, and work. Johnson's judgments proved controversial from publication, with critics challenging his views on Milton, Gray, and Swift, among others.
Lives of the Poets, Volume 1
"Lives of the Poets, Volume 1" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of biographies written between 1779-81. This landmark work presents short biographies and critical appraisals of 52 English poets, most from the eighteenth century. Commissioned by London publishers to compete with Scottish editions, Johnson crafted portraits that blend life narratives with character assessments and literary criticism. His judgments sparked immediate controversy—praised for compelling prose yet criticized for prejudiced opinions on Milton, Swift, and the Metaphysical poets, while conspicuously omitting women writers entirely.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 08 The Lives of the Poets, Volume II
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 08" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of literary criticism and biographical accounts written in the early 19th century. This volume primarily focuses on "The Lives of the English Poets," detailing the lives and works of various poets including Prior, Congreve, and others. The text delves into their historical contexts, literary contributions, and offers insights into their personal experiences and public perceptions." "The opening of the volume begins by presenting an overview of Matthew Prior, exploring his rise from obscurity to prominence as a poet and statesman. It describes his early life, education at Cambridge, and notable works such as "The City Mouse and Country Mouse." The narrative outlines his political engagements, including roles under royal patronage, while also touching on the challenges he faced, including public scrutiny and rivalries with established poets like Dryden. Johnson's eloquent prose sets the tone for a series of character studies on the poets featured in the volume, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of their contributions to English literature."
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 04 The Adventurer; The Idler
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 04" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of essays and critiques written during the 18th century, specifically around the mid-18th century. This volume encompasses the essays titled "The Adventurer" and "The Idler," where Johnson addresses various aspects of human behavior, society, and morality, reflecting on the complexities of life through the lens of both humor and seriousness. The opening of this volume introduces "The Adventurer," featuring a character named Misargyrus, who recounts his descent from a life of privilege to imprisonment due to his extravagant lifestyle and indulgence in pleasures. Misargyrus's narrative serves as a cautionary tale, illustrating how the pursuit of vanity and excess can lead to ruin. Additionally, Johnson provides insights into themes of human folly, the consequences of actions, and the nature of societal expectations, while also exploring the varying motivations that drive individuals. This introductory section sets the stage for a broader examination of character and morality through subsequent essays, presenting a rich tapestry of 18th-century thought and literary style.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 05 Miscellaneous Pieces
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 05" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of various essays, prefaces, and treatises written in the mid-18th century. This volume primarily includes Johnson's reflections on language and lexicography, particularly focusing on his plans for the English Dictionary, which aimed to define and document the evolving nature of the English language. The opening of this volume features Johnson's detailed explanation of his ambitious project to create an English dictionary. He shares his thoughts on the challenges of defining words, fixing orthography, and the influence of time and fashion on language. Johnson expresses the complexities involved in balancing accuracy with accessibility, emphasizing the need for the dictionary to serve both critical and popular audiences. Through his meticulous approach, he outlines guidelines for word selection and usage, making the task of lexicography appear not only daunting but essential for the preservation of English language and grammar.
Preface to a Dictionary of the English Language
"Preface to a Dictionary of the English Language" by Samuel Johnson is a foundational piece in the lexicographical field, written during the 18th century. This work serves as an introduction to Johnson's ambitious project of creating a comprehensive dictionary, devoted to the exploration and organization of the English language. The preface outlines the challenges and philosophical considerations of defining a language that is both rich and changing over time. In this preface, Johnson reflects on the lexicographer's plight, detailing the arduous task of cataloging words in a language as vibrant and chaotic as English. He discusses the historical roots and evolving nature of words, the complexities of orthography and pronunciation, and the interplay between various linguistic influences, notably Latin and Teutonic languages. Throughout, he emphasizes the necessity of maintaining stability in language while recognizing that change is inherent to living tongues. Johnson articulates his vision for the dictionary as a cumulative effort that balances reverence for tradition with the realities of linguistic evolution, ultimately aiming to create a resource that would meet the communicative needs of English speakers and scholars.
Lives of the English Poets : Prior, Congreve, Blackmore, Pope
"Lives of the English Poets: Prior, Congreve, Blackmore, Pope" by Samuel Johnson is a biographical and critical work published between 1779-81. This volume presents Johnson's assessments of four poets, part of his larger collection examining 52 English poets. Johnson combines biographical narrative with character sketches and critical evaluations of their major works. Originally commissioned by London publishers to compete with Scottish editions, these prefaces grew beyond their intended scope, revealing Johnson's sharp judgments and occasional prejudices that sparked immediate debate among his contemporaries.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 03 The Rambler, Volume II
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine Volumes, Volume 03" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of essays and reflections published in the early 19th century. The text addresses various facets of human nature, society, and the literary profession, often reflecting on the challenges faced by authors and the transient nature of fame and reputation. The opening of this work introduces readers to a series of essays that delve into the vanity of authors’ expectations and the often-disappointing nature of literary fame. Johnson explores the harsh realities of an author's life, discussing the neglect that many talented writers face despite their efforts and contributions. He also addresses themes of reputation, the vanity intrinsic to the pursuit of knowledge and recognition, and the inevitability of time's erasure of past glories, setting a contemplative tone that invites readers to reflect on the societal dynamics surrounding literature and human ambition.
Dr. Johnson's Works: Life, Poems, and Tales, Volume 1 The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D., in Nine Volumes
"Dr. Johnson's Works: Life, Poems, and Tales, Volume 1" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of writings by the esteemed 18th-century English author, renowned for his contributions to literature, biography, and lexicography. This work, produced in the early 19th century, serves as a comprehensive documentation of Johnson's life, along with examples of his poetry and essays. It likely delves into themes of moral philosophy, the human condition, and the intricacies of personal experience, giving readers an insightful look at both the man and his works. The opening of the volume provides a detailed introduction to Johnson's life and the motivations behind this collection. It highlights the significance of Johnson's contributions to British literature and discusses the nuances of his character and experiences that shaped his thoughts and writings. The initial chapters emphasize the expectations of readers to understand the life of a literary giant like Johnson—his struggles, friendships, and the circumstances leading to his literary endeavors. It sets the stage for the main body of work, promising a blend of both personal history and intellectual exploration, which aims to provide insights into Johnson’s philosophy and artistic expression throughout his career.
A Grammar of the English Tongue
"A Grammar of the English Tongue" by Samuel Johnson is a comprehensive linguistic guide written in the early 19th century. This work explores the intricacies of English grammar, covering essential components such as orthography, etymology, syntax, and prosody. Johnson aims to systematize and clarify the rules surrounding the English language, making it accessible for readers and writers alike. The opening of the text presents an introduction to grammar itself, detailing various parts, including the English alphabet and vowel pronunciation. Johnson begins by establishing the importance of understanding words and their proper use and unfolds discussions on the letters of the English alphabet, elaborating on the sounds corresponding to each letter. He emphasizes the intricacies involved in English phonetics and orthography, promoting a structured understanding of grammar right from its foundational elements. This opening section sets the stage for a detailed exploration of language, suitable for those interested in the mechanics of English.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, in Sixteen Volumes. Volume 04
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, in Sixteen Volumes. Volume 04" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of essays and reflections written in the early to mid-18th century. This volume includes various pieces from "The Rambler," where Johnson addresses themes of morality, human conduct, and societal issues through engaging narratives and character studies. The essays aim to provoke thought about human nature, social norms, and the struggles of individuals contending with their circumstances. At the start of the volume, the opening essay features a character named Misella, who recounts her harrowing experiences as a young woman who succumbs to a life of prostitution. In her narrative, she reflects on her journeys through guilt and despair, highlighting the harsh realities faced by women in society and how desperation can lead to moral degradation. This poignant account sets the tone for the essays to come, which delve into topics such as the corrupting nature of sudden wealth, the complexities of criticism, and the challenges of maintaining virtue in a flawed world. Overall, the beginning of the work lays a foundation for Johnson's exploration of philosophical and ethical dilemmas faced by individuals in varying social contexts.
Notes to Shakespeare — Volume 01: Comedies
"Notes to Shakespeare — Volume 01: Comedies" by Samuel Johnson is a scholarly commentary on the comedic plays of Shakespeare, likely written during the 18th century. This work serves to provide insights and critical analysis on Shakespeare's comedies, offering readers a deeper understanding of the text, its language, and its historical context within the fabric of English literature. The opening of this volume establishes Johnson's significant contributions to Shakespearean studies, highlighting how his thoughts and nuances often get overshadowed by his more famous preface. It discusses the background of Johnson's editorial work on Shakespeare, the evolution of his commentary, and his unique perspective on the plays. The text introduces Johnson’s major ideas, including his interpretations of language, themes, and character intentions, which set the stage for a meticulous examination of works like "The Tempest." He emphasizes that these notes aim not only to clarify textual ambiguities but also to reveal both Shakespeare's artistry and situational context within each play.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Eleven Volumes, Volume 06 Reviews, Political Tracts, and Lives of Eminent Persons
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Eleven Volumes, Volume 06" by Samuel Johnson is a collection of critical essays, reviews, and political tracts written in the early 19th century. This volume features Johnson's extensive commentary on a range of subjects including literature, historical accounts, and political observations, showcasing his literary prowess and insightful critiques of contemporary works and figures. The opening of this volume serves as an introduction to the reviews contained within, outlining the various topics that Johnson addresses. He begins with a letter discussing the inadequacies of travelers' accounts of China, emphasizing the contrast between expectations and realities. Following this, he delves into specific critiques of memoirs and historical works, such as those about the Duchess of Marlborough and Sir Isaac Newton’s letters, discussing the reliability of personal narratives and the nature of historical truth. The beginning thus establishes a framework for the analytical depth Johnson brings to each review, blending personal insight with broader cultural commentary, setting the tone for the intellectual journey within the volume.
Poetical Works of Johnson, Parnell, Gray, and Smollett With Memoirs, Critical Dissertations, and Explanatory Notes
"The Poetical Works of Johnson, Parnell, Gray, and Smollett" by Samuel Johnson et al. is a collection of poetry and biographical sketches compiled in the mid-19th century. This anthology brings together the works of several celebrated poets, focusing on their significant contributions to literature, along with critical essays and explanatory notes provided by the compiler, the Reverend George Gilfillan. The works featured delve into themes of human experience, societal observations, and personal reflections, showcasing the stylistic richness of poetry from that era. At the start of this collection, the opening discusses the life and early literary development of Samuel Johnson, one of the most prominent figures included. It describes his childhood, education, struggles with depression, and eventual emergence as a writer. Johnson's initial failures, various jobs, and his struggles to gain recognition are vividly portrayed, setting the tone for a deeper exploration of his work, particularly his poems such as "London" and "The Vanity of Human Wishes." This thorough introduction emphasizes Johnson's resilience and talent, providing context for the poems that follow in the anthology.
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. Volume 10 Parlimentary Debates I
"The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. Volume 10" by Samuel Johnson is a historical compilation containing parliamentary debates, written during the early 19th century. This volume presents detailed discussions on various legislative issues, including the exportation of corn, the state of the army, and debates on seditious papers. The work reflects Johnson's insight into the mechanisms of government and the conditions of British politics during a tumultuous time, emphasizing the importance of public discourse in parliamentary proceedings. The opening of this volume introduces a collection of significant parliamentary debates from 1740 to 1742, which set the stage for understanding the political climate of the era. It discusses key issues such as the prohibition of corn exportation, highlighting the concerns of various colonies and the responses to petitions from different stakeholders. Johnson’s prefatory comments illuminate the evolution of public engagement with parliamentary process and the historical context that shaped these debates. The opening portion effectively establishes the significance of these discussions in understanding the balance between governmental authority and public concern, framing the text as a valuable resource for those interested in political history and rhetoric.
The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two Rambler papers (1750)
"The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) and Two Rambler papers (1750) by Samuel Johnson" is a collection of moral essays and poetry written in the 18th century, specifically during the early to mid-1700s, which is marked by the Enlightenment's intellectual vigor. The primary focus of the book is the nature of human desires and the inevitable disappointments that accompany them, exploring profound philosophical themes of ambition, fate, and morality, while also offering insights into social conduct and the human condition. In "The Vanity of Human Wishes," Johnson creatively adapts Juvenal's Tenth Satire to reflect on the futility of human aspirations, highlighting how desires often lead to suffering and regret. The poem features a series of vivid portraits, including historical figures like Cardinal Wolsey and Charles XII of Sweden, showcasing their rises and falls fueled by ambition and desire. The accompanying "Rambler" papers present Johnson's reflections on various aspects of life, such as the quest for happiness and the importance of virtue, frequently emphasizing the need for self-awareness and moral integrity. Together, these works encapsulate Johnson’s belief that true contentment arises not from external achievements but from an inner state of virtue and resignation to fate.