Author
John Ruskin
1819-1900
John Ruskin (1819-1900) is a public-domain author available on Rivro. Read free books, explore subjects, and discover related classics.
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Books by John Ruskin
Modern Painters, Volume 1 (of 5)
"Modern Painters, Volume 1 (of 5)" by John Ruskin is a work of art criticism published in 1843. Written as a passionate defense of painter J. M. W. Turner, Ruskin argues that contemporary landscape artists surpass the old masters through accurate documentation of nature. The young critic distinguishes between surface appearances and deeper truths, claiming Turner evolved from detailed observation to profound insight into natural forces. This influential volume sparked debates about art's purpose and helped shape the Pre-Raphaelite movement.
The Stones of Venice, Volume 2 (of 3),
"The Stones of Venice, Volume 2 (of 3)" by John Ruskin is a treatise published in 1853. This volume examines Venetian architecture across Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance periods, detailing over eighty churches while providing cultural history. In the famous chapter "The Nature of Gothic," Ruskin interweaves architectural analysis with social commentary, arguing that workers and thinkers should unite rather than remain divided. The work profoundly influenced Gothic Revival architecture and thinkers like William Morris and Marcel Proust.
The Seven Lamps of Architecture
"The Seven Lamps of Architecture" by John Ruskin is an extended essay published in May 1849. Ruskin presents seven principles that define good architecture, arguing that technical progress since the Renaissance had diminished architecture's spiritual vitality. He champions medieval Gothic architecture as the truest form, advocating for honest craftsmanship, natural ornamentation, and handmade construction over industrial methods. The work helped capture the ideals of the Gothic Revival movement and became a popular success, later expanding into his three-volume "The Stones of Venice."
The Stones of Venice, Volume 1 (of 3)
"The Stones of Venice, Volume 1 (of 3)" by John Ruskin is a three-volume treatise published between 1851 and 1853. This detailed examination of Venetian architecture spans Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance periods, describing over eighty churches and providing a general history of the city. Beyond architectural analysis, Ruskin weaves in his social reform ideas, arguing for a society where workers and thinkers are equally valued. His influential work shaped Gothic Revival architecture and inspired figures like William Morris and Marcel Proust.
The Elements of Drawing, in Three Letters to Beginners
"The Elements of Drawing, in Three Letters to Beginners" by John Ruskin is a practical guide on the art of drawing written in the mid-19th century. This instructional manual aims to educate aspiring artists, particularly beginners, on the fundamental principles of drawing. Its focus is on developing skills in observation and representation rather than merely achieving technical dexterity. At the start of the book, Ruskin outlines his intentions and the ideal mindset for learning to draw. He emphasizes the importance of dedication and hard work, cautioning against viewing drawing as merely a social accomplishment. The opening letters introduce exercises aimed at honing the beginner's observational skills, particularly through the depiction of shapes and shades using various drawing tools. Ruskin encourages learners to appreciate nature and understand artistic nuances while fostering a patient and methodical approach to mastering drawing.
Fors Clavigera (Volume 2 of 8) Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
"Fors Clavigera (Volume 2 of 8)" by John Ruskin is a series of letters published during the 1870s. Addressed to British workmen and laborers, these pamphlets explore Ruskin's moral and social vision centered on the dignity of sincere labor. Inspired by Thomas Carlyle's thinking, the letters tackle various topics aimed at influencing social change. The series became notorious for containing Ruskin's scathing critique of painter James McNeill Whistler, which sparked a famous libel case that reshaped Ruskin's career.
On the Old Road Vol. 1 (of 2) A Collection of Miscellaneous Essays and Articles on Art and Literature
"On the Old Road, Vol. 1" by John Ruskin is a collection of miscellaneous essays and articles on art and literature, written in the late 19th century. This volume serves as the first part of a broader exploration of artistic themes, touching on topics such as art history, criticism, and the principles of the Pre-Raphaelites. The compilation reflects Ruskin’s deep engagement with the artistic movements of his time and offers insights into the cultural and aesthetic values at play in 19th-century society. The opening of this work introduces an autobiographical reminiscence where Ruskin reflects on his formative years as a writer under the mentorship of W. H. Harrison, his first editor. In a nostalgic tone, he recounts their friendship and Harrison's rigorous standards for grammatical accuracy, which shaped Ruskin’s writing style. The text reveals Ruskin's insecurities and aspirations as he transitioned from a budding poet to a recognized art critic, setting the stage for a more extensive discussion on art and critical thought that follows in the subsequent essays.
Sesame and Lilies
"Sesame and Lilies" by John Ruskin is a philosophical and literary work composed in the mid-19th century. The book is structured as a series of lectures that addresses topics related to education, the value of literature, and the moral responsibilities of individuals, particularly focusing on women and their roles in society. It serves as a critique of contemporary cultural and educational standards, urging readers to pursue valuable knowledge and leading a life of purpose. At the start of the text, Ruskin introduces the core themes of the first lecture, "Sesame," wherein he reflects on the importance of figurative kings' treasuries as a metaphor for the treasures found in books. He stresses that reading should not only be about gaining knowledge but also about seeking truths and fostering moral character. He critiques society's focus on social status and material advancement, urging the necessity of possessing and cultivating a meaningful library filled with beneficial literature. The opening reveals Ruskin's intention to encourage young readers, particularly women, to seek a purposeful, thoughtful existence while promoting ideas of self-improvement and social responsibility.
Stones of Venice [introductions]
"Stones of Venice [introductions]" by John Ruskin is a three-volume treatise published between 1851 and 1853. This detailed examination of Venetian architecture explores over eighty churches across Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance periods while weaving together art history and social philosophy. Ruskin argues that architecture reflects society's values, advocating for a world where thinkers work and workers think. His passionate defense of Gothic design profoundly influenced Victorian Britain and inspired figures from William Morris to Marcel Proust.
The Stones of Venice, Volume 3 (of 3)
"The Stones of Venice, Volume 3 (of 3)" by John Ruskin is a treatise published in 1853. This final volume completes Ruskin's monumental examination of Venetian architecture, exploring over eighty churches across Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance periods. Beyond architectural analysis, Ruskin weaves social philosophy throughout, arguing that workers and thinkers should unite rather than remain divided by class. His influential vision shaped British Gothic revival and inspired figures from William Morris to Marcel Proust, transforming how society viewed the relationship between art, labor, and human dignity.
Modern Painters, Volume 4 (of 5)
"Modern Painters, Volume 4 (of 5)" by John Ruskin is the fourth volume of a five-volume work published between 1843 and 1860. This influential art criticism began as a defense of painter J.M.W. Turner, arguing that modern landscape artists surpassed the old masters through accurate documentation of nature. Ruskin explores symbolism, natural forces, and atmospheric effects while developing his theory that art should capture both surface details and deeper truths. His ideas profoundly influenced the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and Victorian aesthetic thought.
Modern Painters, Volume 3 (of 5)
"Modern Painters, Volume 3 (of 5)" by John Ruskin is a critical work published in 1854. This volume forms part of Ruskin's ambitious defense of contemporary landscape painters, particularly J.M.W. Turner, arguing their superiority over the old masters. Here Ruskin coins the influential term "pathetic fallacy" to describe the attribution of human emotion to nature. The work explores how art should document nature's truth, distinguishing between surface observation and deeper insight into natural forces—a distinction that would profoundly influence the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and Victorian aesthetic thought.
Unto This Last, and Other Essays on Political Economy
"Unto This Last, and Other Essays on Political Economy" by John Ruskin is a collection of essays first published between August and December 1860. The work challenges conventional economic thinking by arguing that true wealth can only exist in societies that value honesty. Drawing from biblical parables, Ruskin critiques eighteenth and nineteenth-century economists and examines questions of fair wages and industrialism's destructive effects. Though violently criticized upon release, the essays profoundly influenced figures from Thomas Carlyle to Mahatma Gandhi, who translated the work and implemented its principles in his own revolutionary social experiments.
Modern Painters, Volume 5 (of 5)
"Modern Painters, Volume 5 (of 5)" by John Ruskin is the final volume of a five-part work published in 1860. Ruskin began this ambitious project at age 24 to defend landscape painter J. M. W. Turner and argue that modern artists surpassed the old masters in depicting nature. This concluding volume marks the end of a formative period in Ruskin's life, shaped profoundly by his father's influence, completing a journey that championed accurate documentation of nature and explored symbolism through the natural world.
Fors Clavigera (Volume 4 of 8) Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
"Fors Clavigera (Volume 4 of 8)" by John Ruskin is a series of letters published during the 1870s. Addressed to British workmen and laborers, these pamphlets explore Ruskin's vision of moral value in sincere labor and social reform. Drawing inspiration from his mentor Thomas Carlyle, Ruskin tackles various topics aimed at influencing social change. The series famously includes his controversial attack on James McNeill Whistler's paintings, which led to a libel case that temporarily ended Ruskin's art criticism career.
On the Old Road, Vol. 2 (of 2) A Collection of Miscellaneous Essays and Articles on Art and Literature
"On the Old Road, Vol. 2" by John Ruskin is a collection of miscellaneous essays and articles on art and literature written in the late 19th century. This volume features Ruskin's evidence and reflections related to various aspects of art institutions—particularly focusing on the National Gallery—and provides deep insights into the interplay between public art, education, and cultural development. The work tackles issues such as the arrangement of art collections, the functionality of galleries, and the importance of accessibility to the working class. The opening of the second volume begins with Ruskin's testimony before a commission examining the National Gallery, where he discusses the ideal conditions for showcasing art. He advocates for combining painting and sculpture in ways that enhance appreciation rather than detract from it, emphasizing that both forms should be experienced in sequence rather than in direct competition within the same exhibition space. Ruskin also expresses the necessity of displaying art at eye level for better accessibility and enjoyment, along with his strong belief in the educational role of art institutions for all social classes, particularly the working class. His insights detail how art serves not only as an aesthetic experience but as an integral component of personal and societal development.
The King of the Golden River
"The King of the Golden River" by John Ruskin is a fantasy story written in 1841 and published in 1851. In the fertile Treasure Valley, two cruel brothers mistreat a magical visitor and lose everything, forcing them into poverty. When they melt their younger brother Gluck's golden mug, they release the King of the Golden River, who offers a tantalizing challenge: climb the mountain and transform the river into gold. But this quest demands more than greed—it tests the human heart itself.
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
"Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)" by John Ruskin is a series of letters published during the 1870s. Addressed to British workmen and laborers, these pamphlets explore Ruskin's moral vision of sincere labor and social reform. Inspired by mentor Thomas Carlyle, Ruskin tackles varied topics—from economic values to art criticism. The series famously includes his scathing review of Whistler's paintings, calling one work "flinging a pot of paint in the public's face," which sparked a notorious libel case that changed Ruskin's career.
The Storm-Cloud of the Nineteenth Century Two Lectures delivered at the London Institution, February 4th and 11th, 1884
"The Storm-Cloud of the Nineteenth Century" by John Ruskin is a collection of lectures written in the late 19th century. This insightful work discusses meteorological phenomena, particularly a distinctive type of cloud that Ruskin identifies as a "plague-cloud," which he claims has emerged only in modern times. Focusing on the changes in weather patterns and their implications, the lectures reflect Ruskin's keen observations and philosophical musings on the relationship between nature and human morality. The opening of the text begins with Ruskin asserting the significance of cloud analysis and expressing his determination to provide an accurate description of the meteorological changes he observes. He contrasts his present reality of persistent gray clouds and a "bitter, blighting wind" with the more vibrant and dynamic clouds of past eras. Through historical references and personal anecdotes, Ruskin sets the stage for exploring the impact of these "plague-clouds" not only on the environment but also on the human spirit. He emphasizes the emotional and spiritual turmoil wrought by the relentless, dreary weather, which he sees as a reflection of the societal malaise of his time.
Selections From the Works of John Ruskin
"Selections From the Works of John Ruskin" by John Ruskin is a collection of critical essays and selections drawn from the extensive writings of one of the 19th century's most influential art critics and social thinkers. Compiled in the early 20th century, this work aims to capture Ruskin's diverse thoughts on art, nature, and morality, illustrating his profound impact on the fields of art criticism and social reform. The book covers various themes, from the appreciation of beauty in nature and art to critiques of industrialism and societal norms. The opening of this compilation sets the stage by introducing the editors' goal of providing comprehensive selections from Ruskin's major writings while maintaining the integrity of his original texts. It highlights Ruskin's dual passions for aesthetic beauty and social reform, revealing the foundational idea that the appreciation of art is deeply intertwined with moral responsibility. Through an overview of his early life, influences, and major works, the beginning illustrates how Ruskin's experiences shaped his critical lens on both art and society, preparing readers for the nuanced discussions on topics such as architecture, landscape, and the relationship between art and ethics that will follow in the subsequent chapters.
The Crown of Wild Olive also Munera Pulveris; Pre-Raphaelitism; Aratra Pentelici; The Ethics of the Dust; Fiction, Fair and Foul; The Elements of Drawing
"The Crown of Wild Olive" by John Ruskin is a collection of lectures written in the late 19th century, addressing key societal issues of the time, particularly the concepts of work, commerce, and warfare. In it, Ruskin explores the moral and social implications of industrialization and capitalism, questioning the true value of labor and calling for a reevaluation of the ways in which society directs human effort. The work serves as both an indictment and a philosophical exploration of the conditions of laborers and the ethical responsibilities of the affluent. The beginning of the text introduces Ruskin's reflections on the beautiful yet tragically neglected English countryside, which he sees as a representation of the fallout from industrial disregard for nature and human dignity. He laments the pollution and waste resulting from capitalist endeavors, emphasizing that the physical destruction mirrors a deeper moral decay within society. Ruskin sets the stage for his lectures by questioning the priorities within both capitalism and individual work, positing that the pursuit of wealth often leads to a loss of true value and joy in life. This opening portion serves to engage readers with immediate and relatable themes of environmental and social justice, laying a foundation for the more intricate discussions that follow.
The Ethics of the Dust
"The Ethics of the Dust" by John Ruskin is a collection of lectures aimed at young girls, written during the late 19th century. This educational work combines elements of mineralogy and ethical reflections, focusing on the moral implications of how materials, particularly precious stones like diamonds, influence human behavior and society. The lectures take place in a setting designed to stimulate curiosity and engagement among the audience, as Ruskin explores the connections between physical crystals and human values. The opening of the book begins with a playful and imaginative interchange among the characters, including the Old Lecturer and several young girls, who engage in a fantastical discussion about the "Valley of Diamonds." The lecturer introduces themes of beauty, danger, and moral lessons tied to the pursuit of wealth represented by the diamonds. The girls express a mix of awe and fear at the concept of this valley, illustrating how desire can lead to moral quandaries. As they delve into the idea that true beauty can lead to peril, the dialogue sets the stage for a deeper exploration of Ruskin's thoughts on materialism, ethics, and the nature of value in life and art.
Our Fathers Have Told Us Part I. The Bible of Amiens
"Our Fathers Have Told Us" by John Ruskin is a collection of historical sketches written in the late 19th century. The work aims to provide young readers with engaging narratives about the history of Christendom, particularly focusing on significant events and figures that shaped the religious and cultural landscape. The text promises to intertwine educational content with moral insights, aiming to inspire a deeper understanding of the past among its readers. The opening portion introduces the book's intent through a preface, where the author reflects on the challenges of teaching history to children, emphasizing its potential to be both enlightening and engaging. Ruskin begins to explore the historical significance of Amiens, a city rich in cultural heritage and history. He discusses the transition from pagan beliefs to Christianity, marking the arrival of the martyr St. Firmin, and recounts the foundational moments of the Frankish kingdom under Clovis, aiming to convey the moral lessons inherent in these historical narratives. The text sets a tone of reverence for history while encouraging thoughtful reflection on its relevance to contemporary life.
Ariadne Florentina: Six Lectures on Wood and Metal Engraving
"Ariadne Florentina: Six Lectures on Wood and Metal Engraving" by John Ruskin is a scholarly work that explores the disciplines of wood and metal engraving, likely written in the late 19th century. The text consists of a series of lectures delivered at the University of Oxford, detailing the intricacies, techniques, and historical significance of engraving as an art form. Ruskin aims to define engraving's unique qualities, its relationship to other art forms, and the broader cultural context in which it exists. The opening of this work introduces the author’s reflections on his role as a lecturer, emphasizing his commitment to teaching the fundamental principles of art and engraving. Ruskin candidly addresses the challenges he faces in his teaching journey, lamenting the limited attendance in his class but expressing a sincere desire to impart knowledge. He begins by explaining the essence of engraving, distinguishing its techniques from other artistic practices, and outlining a structured approach to understanding the art form. Through his thoughtful discourse, Ruskin aspires to elevate engraving by situating it within the broader narrative of artistic development and education, emphasizing its importance as a precursor to forms of architecture and sculpture.