Author
Arnold Toynbee
1889-1975
Arnold Toynbee (1889-1975) is a public-domain author available on Rivro. Read free books, explore subjects, and discover related classics.
WikipediaSubjects
Books by Arnold Toynbee
The German Terror in Belgium: An Historical Record
"The German Terror in Belgium: An Historical Record" by Arnold J. Toynbee is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The volume focuses on the atrocities committed against civilians during the first months of World War I, particularly in Belgium, as German forces invaded and occupied various territories. The book aims to document and present a coordinated narrative of these events based on firsthand witness accounts and official documents, intending to shed light on the impact of war on civilian life. The opening of the book lays a foundation for its detailed examination of the German military's actions during the invasion of Belgium in August 1914. It highlights systematic violence and terror inflicted upon the civilian population, including executions, arson, and other forms of brutality. Toynbee introduces specific locations and incidents where these actions occurred, emphasizing the deliberate nature of these crimes and the lack of accountability for the perpetrators. Through structured narratives, the opening provides a chilling glimpse into the chaos and devastation experienced by innocent civilians as the war unfolded, setting the stage for a sobering exploration of the historical context and moral implications of wartime conduct.
"The Murderous Tyranny of the Turks"
"The Murderous Tyranny of the Turks" by Arnold Toynbee is a historical account written during the early 20th century. This book addresses the oppressive regime of the Ottoman Empire, shedding light on the suffering of the various subjugated peoples, particularly Christians, under Turkish rule. It critiques the barbarity and failures of the Ottoman administration and advocates for the liberation of these oppressed populations. In this work, Toynbee outlines the historical context and consequences of Turkish domination, detailing atrocities committed against Armenians, Greeks, and other ethnic groups. He emphasizes the systematic persecution and genocidal actions carried out by the Young Turks, especially during World War I, as a part of their nationalist agenda to homogenize the empire. The author argues for the necessity of ending the Turkish rule in Europe, as it has led to centuries of destruction and suffering, advocating for the reorganization of the region based on principles of nationality and justice for the oppressed.
Turkey: a Past and a Future
"Turkey: A Past and a Future" by A.J. Toynbee is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The text explores the complex historical, cultural, and ethnic landscape of Turkey, particularly in the context of its transformation during and after World War I. It delves into the various peoples and civilizations that have shaped Turkey's past, as well as the Ottoman Empire's multifaceted nature, revealing both its historical significance and its contemporary challenges. The opening of the work sets the stage by illustrating Turkey's rich tapestry of landscapes and cities while acknowledging the diverse range of ethnic groups that reside within its borders. Toynbee describes the geographic variety of the region, from the deserts of Mesopotamia to the highlands of Armenia, and discusses the cities that have served as cultural and commercial hubs through the ages, such as Constantinople and Aleppo. He emphasizes the tensions arising from the empire's ethnic diversity and the effects of war and government policies on this intricate societal fabric. Overall, the opening portrays a nation marked by its complexities and contradictions, establishing a foundation for understanding Turkey's past and future.