A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 04

by Voltaire

"A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 04" by Voltaire is an encyclopedic dictionary published in 1764. This alphabetically arranged work critiques the Roman Catholic Church, Judaism, Islam, and other institutions through provocative articles. Initially released anonymously as a portable, affordable text, it expanded from 73 to 120 articles across multiple editions. Born from a dinner party challenge at Frederick II's court, this lifelong project synthesizes Voltaire's views on Christianity, God, morality, and tolerance. While embraced by the public and enlightened rulers, religious authorities condemned it, burning copies across Europe.