A Student's History of England, v. 2: 1509-1689
 From the Earliest Times to the Death of King Edward VII

by Samuel Rawson Gardiner

"A Student's History of England, v. 2: 1509-1689" by Samuel Rawson Gardiner is a historical account written in the late 19th century. This volume focuses on the period from 1509 to 1689, detailing significant events and figures in English history, particularly the Reformation, the Tudor monarchs, and the formation of the Commonwealth. It is aimed at students seeking a clear and comprehensive understanding of the historical developments in England during these transformative years. The opening portion of this historical work introduces readers to the reign of Henry VIII, highlighting his ascent to the throne in 1509 and the early dynamics of his administration, particularly his relationship with Cardinal Wolsey. Gardiner discusses the youth and character of Henry VIII, portraying him as a king who, while initially focused on pleasure, sought military acclaim and was influenced by the political climate of his time. Key events, such as England's involvement in wars with France and the consequential rise of Wolsey, are outlined, setting the stage for understanding the subsequent political and religious upheavals during Henry's reign and beyond. The text also hints at challenges, including Henry's ambition for a male heir, which would eventually lead to significant conflicts with the Papacy.